“…Peer effects have been studied extensively in settings ranging from grade school classrooms, at the college level, in the workplace, and in athletic competitions. For example, Mas and Moretti (2009) examine the peer effects between grocery store cashiers, while Carrell et al (2009) and Carell et al (2013) provide examinations of peer effects between students and the United States Air Force Academy (see Brady, Insler and Rahman (2016) for a review of the education literature, in particular). In athletics, Depken and Haglund (2010) examine peer effects among members of relay teams in track and field events, while Hill (2014) looks at peer effects within individual sprints in track and field competitions (and see Jane (2015) for a study of peer effects among collegiate swimmers).…”