Bad Jobs in America: Standard and Nonstandard Employment Relations and Job Quality in the United States

Kalleberg, Arne L.; Reskin, Barbara F.; Hudson, Kenneth

doi:10.2307/2657440

Cited by 1,070 publications

(933 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This consensus is apparent across disciplines, with publications in both sociology and economics confirming the lower wages and inferior occupational status of temporary workers (i.e. OECD 2002;Booth Francesconi and Frank 2002;Kalleberg Reskin and Hudson 2000). With 14 percent of workers on temporary contracts across the European Union (Eurostat 2006, p.259), the implications are considerable.…”

Section: Temporary Employment Bridge or Trap?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge or Trap? Temporary Workers' Transitions to Unemployment and to the Standard Employment Contract

Gash¹

2008

European Sociological Review

159

142

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Citation: Gash, V. (2008). Bridge or trap? To what extent do temporary workers make more transitions to unemployment than to the standard employment contract. European Sociological Review, 24(5), pp. 651-668. doi: 10.1093/esr/jcn027 This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. 1984;Blossfeld and Rohwer 1995). This paper establishes higher rates of transition to permanent employment than to unemployment for most temporary workers, though strong between-country differences are found. Permanent

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Section: Temporary Employment Bridge or Trap?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge or Trap? Temporary Workers' Transitions to Unemployment and to the Standard Employment Contract

Gash¹

2008

European Sociological Review

159

142

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“…In order to precisely and unambiguously identify the type of contract in our analysis (Artazcoz et al, 2005;Virtanen et al, 2005), we exclude selfemployed people. This exclusion is often made in this kind of studies (e.g., Bardasi and Francesconi, 2004;Caroli and Godard, 2013) and it is driven by two considerations: first, self-employed people may have individual characteristics that differentiate them with respect to fixed-term workers e e.g., entrepreneurship, managerial skills, higher wage aspirations (Kalleberg et al, 2000); second, the nature of self-employment is profoundly different with respect to temporary contracts stipulated with an employee. Indeed, self-employment is sometimes considered different also from permanent employment (Virtanen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some scholars have suggested that flexible forms of employment may lead to general benefits for workers (e.g., Natti, 1993;Benach and Muntaner, 2007;Guest and Clinton, 2006;Kalleberg et al, 2000;La Valle et al, 2002). When flexible jobs are a voluntary choice rather than an involuntary constraint e e.g., professional consultants or self-employed people e flexible, contingent and non-standardized conditions can enhance job satisfaction and quality of life, particularly for highly skilled workers (Guest and Clinton, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When flexible jobs are a voluntary choice rather than an involuntary constraint e e.g., professional consultants or self-employed people e flexible, contingent and non-standardized conditions can enhance job satisfaction and quality of life, particularly for highly skilled workers (Guest and Clinton, 2006). Research from U.S., European Nordic countries and UK have shown that flexible works may entail higher wages (Kalleberg et al, 2000), and may represent a way to sample a variety of occupational experiences or a necessary phase towards a more integrated position in the labor market (Booth et al, 2002;Natti, 1993;Virtanen et al, 2005). Positive effects, in particular for women, may derive from the fact that these forms of flexible work allow to control working time, helping the reconciliation between paid work and family life (La Valle et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is temporary employment damaging to health? A longitudinal study on Italian workers

Pirani

Salvini

2015

Social Science & Medicine

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a b s t r a c tWorking conditions have changed dramatically over recent decades in all the countries of European Union: permanent full-time employment characterized by job security and a stable salary is replaced more and more by temporary work, apprenticeship contracts, casual jobs and part-time work. The consequences of these changes on the general well-being of workers and their health represent an increasingly important path of inquiry.We add to the debate by answering the question: are Italian workers on temporary contracts more likely to suffer from poor health than those with permanent jobs? Our analysis is based on a sample of men and women aged 16e64 coming from the Italian longitudinal survey 2007e2010 of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. We use the method of inverse-probability-oftreatment weights to estimate the causal effect of temporary work on self-rated health, controlling for selection effects.Our major findings can be summarized as follows: firstly, we show a negative association between temporary employment and health that results from a statistical causal effect in the work-to-health direction, and does not trivially derive from a selection of healthier individuals in the group of people who find permanent jobs (selection effect). Secondly, we find that temporary employment becomes particularly negative for the individual's health when it is prolonged over time. Thirdly, whereas temporary employment does not entail significant adverse consequences for men, the link between temporary employment and health is strongly harmful for Italian women.

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“…wages, employment stability) that are associated with them (market situation). Kalleberg et al (2000) conceptualized bad jobs as those with low pay and without access to social security, i.e. national health service and pension benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graduates’ Job Quality after a Higher Education Reform: Evidence Regarding Second Level Graduates from a University in Southern Italy

Lombardo¹,

Passarelli

2011

RAE

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Generally graduates have more opportunity of finding a job than undergraduates. However a degree does not always lead to the expected labour market outcomes in terms of job quality. Italian graduates are not an exception in this regard. A University Reform (DM 509/99), implemented in the academic year 2001/2002, introduced a switch from a one-level university education system with just one type of degree to a two-level structure: the first lasting three years and the second another two additional years. 2010 is the first year for which data on labour market outcomes are available for second level graduates at three years after graduation. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the empirical literature by providing evidence of the job quality of graduates from a university located in Southern Italy, an area with structural problems in the labour market. The sample includes all summer session 2007 graduates from the University of Calabria. The quality of jobs at three years after graduation is studied in terms of type of contract, educational match and wage. More specifically, the paper aims to identify determinants of the contract type, educational match and wage. Our findings suggest that field of study is the main determinant of job quality. In particular, graduates in Engineering and in Pharmacy, are more likely to find a stable, well matched, and better paid job, with respect to graduates in other fields.

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Bad Jobs in America: Standard and Nonstandard Employment Relations and Job Quality in the United States

Cited by 1,070 publications

References 22 publications

Bridge or Trap? Temporary Workers' Transitions to Unemployment and to the Standard Employment Contract

Bridge or Trap? Temporary Workers' Transitions to Unemployment and to the Standard Employment Contract

Is temporary employment damaging to health? A longitudinal study on Italian workers

Graduates’ Job Quality after a Higher Education Reform: Evidence Regarding Second Level Graduates from a University in Southern Italy

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