Badanie ultrasonograficzne wątroby i dróg żółciowych – oczekiwania klinicysty

Abstract

Since diseases of the liver and bile ducts are common, a clinician is faced by the need to implement an appropriate diagnostic process. It is necessary to apply diagnostic methods that enable appropriate assessment of the most common pathologies of the liver, i.e. fibrosis, steatosis and focal lesions, as well as initial assessment of the bile ducts. These goals can be achieved using ultrasound methods based on conventional sonography, contrast-enhanced sonography and elastography. The assessment of fatty liver and bile duct dilatation using ultrasound reaches satisfactory levels of sensitivity and specificity. The usage of contrast agents enables unambiguous differentiation between benign and malignant focal lesions, frequently allowing them to be identified accurately without the assistance of other imaging modalities. Elastography has enabled reliable assessment of liver fibrosis. Its results are comparable to those of the standard method, i.e. liver biopsy.

Transabdominal Ultrasonography in Symptomatic Choledocholithiasis – Usefulness in Settings with Limited Resources

“…Intrahepatic duct dilatation (IHDD) was defined as bile ducts having a diameter >40% of the diameter of the adjacent portal vein tributary or ducts larger than 2 mm. [7] The maximum diameter of the common bile duct (CBD) was considered to be the CBD diameter, and the stone number indicated in the USS was categorized into four groups (one, two, three, and three or more stones). CBD dilatation is defined as a maximum CBD diameter of >6 mm.…”

“…CBD dilatation is defined as a maximum CBD diameter of >6 mm. [7] Supraduodenal, retroduodenal, and infraduodenal CBD are considered as proximal, mid, and distal CBD, respectively. ERCP findings were traced from the ERCP database and reconfirmed with patient records.…”

Diagnostic performance of preoperative CT in differentiating between benign and malignant origin of suspicious gallbladder lesions

“…Dilation of the extrahepatic bile ducts was defined as a diameter >5 mm up to the age of 50 years with an accepted increment of 1 mm per decade [17]. Intrahepatic bile ducts were considered dilated when the diameter exceeded 2 mm [18]. Vascular involvement included portal vein or hepatic artery involvement, and was defined as vessel wall irregularity or tumor reaching the vessel wall [19].…”