Baduk (the Game of Go) Improved Cognitive Function and Brain Activity in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Kim, Se Hee; Han, Doug Hyun; Lee, Young Sik; Kim, Bung-Nyun; Cheong, Jae Hoon; Han, Seong Ho

doi:10.4306/pi.2014.11.2.143

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Many cognitive training programs have been shown to improve cognitive abilities ( Diamond and Lee, 2011 ; Diamond, 2013 ). For instance, working memory training has been suggested to improve performance in untrained working memory ( Holmes et al, 2009 ); video-game training has been reported to improve performance in visual attention and executive control ( Strobach et al, 2012 ; Belchior et al, 2013 ); musical training and chess or go games playing that require a broad range of cognitive skills, have been found associated with superior performance in multiple cognitive tasks including working memory, executive control and reasoning ( Kim et al, 2014 ; Benz et al, 2016 ; Burgoyne et al, 2016 ; Sala et al, 2017 ). Moreover, all the above cognitive training programs have been reported to produce functional and structural changes in the brain that may provide a neurophysiological basis for the cognitive transfer ( Klingberg, 2010 ; Gong et al, 2015 ; Benz et al, 2016 ; Sohn et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Effects of Abacus Training on Cognitive Functions and Neural Systems in Humans

Wang

2020

Front. Neurosci.

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Abacus, which represents numbers via a visuospatial format, is a traditional device to facilitate arithmetic operations. Skilled abacus users, who have acquired the ability of abacus-based mental calculation (AMC), can perform fast and accurate calculations by manipulating an imaginary abacus in mind. Due to this extraordinary calculation ability in AMC users, there is an expanding literature investigating the effects of AMC training on cognition and brain systems. This review study aims to provide an updated overview of important findings in this fast-growing research field. Here, findings from previous behavioral and neuroimaging studies about AMC experts as well as children and adults receiving AMC training are reviewed and discussed. Taken together, our review of the existing literature suggests that AMC training has the potential to enhance various cognitive skills including mathematics, working memory and numerical magnitude processing. Besides, the training can result in functional and anatomical neural changes that are largely located within the frontal-parietal and occipital-temporal brain regions. Some of the neural changes can explain the training-induced cognitive enhancements. Still, caution is needed when extend the conclusions to a more general situation. Implications for future research are provided.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Effects of Abacus Training on Cognitive Functions and Neural Systems in Humans

Wang

2020

Front. Neurosci.

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“…In addition to functional differences, white matter studies have also revealed structural differences and stronger connectivity in regions associated with attentional control, working memory, and problem‐solving when trained in the game of “Go” (Lee et al., ). These results suggest that the neurocognitive load required to play “Go” may have therapeutic and advantageous effects for development (Kim et al., ; Newman, Hansen, & Gutierrez, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Higher extrinsic and lower intrinsic connectivity in resting state networks for professional Baduk (Go) players

Sohn¹,

Lee

Kwak

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionDedication and training to a profession results in a certain level of expertise. This expertise, like any other skill obtained in our lifetime, is encoded in the brain and may be reflected in our brain's connectome. This property can be observed by mapping resting state connectivity. In this study, we examine the differences in resting state functional connectivity in four major networks between professional “Baduk” (Go) players and normal subjects.MethodsResting state fMRI scans were acquired for professional “Baduk” (Go) players and normal controls. Major resting state networks were identified using independent component analysis and compared between the two groups. Networks which were compared include the default mode network, the left and right fronto‐parietal network, and the salience network.ResultsWe found that normal subjects showed increased connectivity within certain areas of each target network. Professional players, however, showed higher connectivity to regions outside the traditional regions of each given network. Close examination of these regions revealed that regions shown to have higher connectivity in professional players have been revealed to be relevant in expertise for board games.ConclusionThe findings in this study suggest that continuous training results in greater integration between regions and networks, which are necessary for high‐level performance. The differences observed in our study between normal controls and professional players also shed light on the difference in brain connectivity which can arise through lifestyle and specialization in a specific field.

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“…Thus parasympathetic fine-tuning, associated with safe environments, enables calm and subtle bidirectional brain–body communication and should facilitate appraisal of information in undelimited ways, to increase the learner’s cognitive engagement and optionality of response. It seems likely that a range of influences on executive functionality including physical movement ( Khalil et al, 2013 ; Rommel et al, 2013 ), musical training ( Kraus et al, 2014 ; Miendlarzewska and Trost, 2014 ; Fonseca-Mora et al, 2015 ; Francois et al, 2015 ), complex games ( Kim et al, 2014 ), and exposure to natural environments ( Taylor and Kuo, 2009 ) entail rhythmic or playful engagement with the learner’s autonomic arousal level, and these studies further highlight how brain functional domains interact in complex ways to produce lived and meaningful experience.…”

Section: Perspective Objective and Strategy Of The Ganementioning

confidence: 99%

A groundwork for allostatic neuro-education

Gerdes¹,

Tegeler

Lee

2015

Front. Psychol.

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We propose to enliven educational practice by marrying a conception of education as guided human development, to an advanced scientific understanding of the brain known as allostasis (stability through change). The result is a groundwork for allostatic neuro-education (GANE). Education as development encompasses practices including the organic (homeschooling and related traditions), cognitive acquisition (emphasis on standards and testing), and the constructivist (aimed to support adaptive creativity for both learner and society). Allostasis views change to be the norm in biology, defines success in contexts of complex natural environments rather than controlled settings, and identifies the brain as the organ of central command. Allostatic neuro-education contrasts with education focused dominantly on testing, or neuroscience based on homeostasis (stability through constancy). The GANE perspective is to view learners in terms of their neurodevelopmental trajectories; its objective is to support authentic freedom, mediated by competent, integrated, and expansive executive functionality (concordant with the philosophy of freedom of Rudolf Steiner); and its strategy is to be attuned to rhythms in various forms (including those of autonomic arousal described in polyvagal theory) so as to enable experiential excitement for learning. The GANE presents a variety of testable hypotheses, and studies that explore prevention or mitigation of the effects of early life adversity or toxic stress on learning and development may be of particular importance. Case studies are presented illustrating use of allostatic neurotechnology by an adolescent male carrying diagnoses of Asperger’s syndrome and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and a grade school girl with reading difficulties. The GANE is intended as a re-visioning of education that may serve both learners and society to be better prepared for the accelerating changes of the 21st century.

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Baduk (the Game of Go) Improved Cognitive Function and Brain Activity in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

A Review of the Effects of Abacus Training on Cognitive Functions and Neural Systems in Humans

A Review of the Effects of Abacus Training on Cognitive Functions and Neural Systems in Humans

Higher extrinsic and lower intrinsic connectivity in resting state networks for professional Baduk (Go) players

A groundwork for allostatic neuro-education

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