Baicalein Inhibits Metastatic Phenotypes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via a Focal Adhesion Protein Integrin β8

Abstract

Baicalein, a prominent flavonoid from the indigenous herbal plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, possesses broad-spectrum anticancer activities. However, the biological effects of baicalein on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its underlying mechanisms remain unclarified. Thus, in this study, we examined the effects of baicalein on NPC cell lines and investigated the corresponding molecular mechanism through transcriptome profiling. In the study, four NPC cell lines were treated with various concentrations of baicalein at different time points. Cellular toxicity and proliferative inhibition of baicalein were examined by MTT assay. Metastatic phenotypes of NPC cells were investigated by wound healing, transwell, and adhesion assays. Additionally, microarray experiments were performed to determine the cellular pathways affected by baicalein. The expression and localization of the integrin β8 were validated by western immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Our results revealed that baicalein exhibited its cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activity on all tested NPC cell lines. It also significantly inhibited metastatic phenotypes at sub-lethal concentrations. Transcriptomic analysis showed that baicalein significantly affected the focal adhesion pathway in NPC, where integrin β8 was greatly diminished. Thus, the present study results suggested that baicalein inhibits the metastatic phenotypes of NPC cells by modulating integrin β8, one of the major molecules in a focal adhesion pathway.

In silico study of baicalin as an inhibitor of HER-2 receptor in breast cancer

“…Baicalin also showed a significant effect on migration and invasion suppression in highly aggressive breast cancer metastases both in vitro and in vivo, via reversal of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and downregulation of β-catenin expression [7]. In addition, baicalein inhibits the metastatic phenotypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by modulating integrin β8 [13]. Baicalein, a baicalin-like compound, has been reported to have anti-breast cancer activity in MCF-7 cells by inhibiting cell proliferation due to cytoskeletal alteration [14].…”