Baicalein protects renal tubular epithelial cells againsthypoxia-reoxygenation injury

Abstract

Background: To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of baicalein (BAI), a naturally occurring flavonoid, against hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). Methods: Cultured human renal proximal tubular cell line HK-2 was exposed to 24 h of hypoxia (5% CO2, 1% O2, and 94% N2), followed by 12 h of reoxygenation (5% CO2, 21% O2, and 74% N2). HK-2 cells were divided into three groups: control, HR, and HR-BAI (0.3 µg/ml). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and morphology. ELISAs were performed to determine the levels of IL-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). IL-1β, ICAM-1, and MCP-1 mRNA levels were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: HK-2 cells that underwent HR exhibited increases in IL-1β expression by 0.94%, ROS by 0.59%, ICAM-1 expression by 0.8%, and MCP-1 expression by 1.2%. Moreover, HK-2 cell apoptosis was increased after HR (p < .05). Compared with the HR group, BAI treatment reduced the elevation of oxidative stress (ROS) by 0.76%, as well as HR-mediated induction of IL-1β and apoptosis of HK2 cells. Protein and mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 were also reduced. Conclusions: BAI protects renal tubular epithelial cells from HR injury by reducing inflammatory cytokine expression and oxidative stress.

Nephroprotective Role of Chrysophanol in Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Renal Cell Damage via Apoptosis, ER Stress, and Ferroptosis

“…Interestingly, proximal tubular epithelial cells were reported to be highly susceptible to apoptosis, and injury at this site contributes to kidney failure [ 31 ]. Human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2) were established as a cell model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury to mimic acute renal I/R injury [ 32 ], as well as our findings ( Figure 1 ). Traditional medicines often use multi-component extracts of natural products that may be developed as therapeutic strategies to treat AKI due to their multitarget potential and established biosafety [ 33 ].…”

Baicalein Neutralizes Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Aggravation of Oxidative Injury in Rats

“…Several experimental studies reported the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of BL in different biological systems. BL was found to protect against hypoxia re-oxygenation injury through recruitment of its oxidative and inflammatory cytokines suppressive effects [27].…”

Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and ALOX12 and NF-κB Pathways Contribute to the Protective Effect of Baicalein on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury

“…In the current study, we detected markedly depleted GSH levels, increased MDA (a biomarker of lipid peroxidation) in the liver tissues of mice at 24 h post CCl 4 exposure [ 37 ], which were all markedly improved by baicalein supplementation. The anti-oxidant properties of baicalein have been associated with its ability to ameliorate cisplatin, colistin and hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced nephrotoxicity and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice [ 23 , 28 , 38 , 39 ]. The strong anti-oxidant property of baicalein is conferred by its three 5,6,7 position OH-groups that play a critical role in scavenging ROS [ 26 , 40 ].…”