Baicalin administration attenuates hyperglycemia-induced malformation of cardiovascular system

Abstract

In this study, the effects of Baicalin on the hyperglycemia-induced cardiovascular malformation during embryo development were investigated. Using early chick embryos, an optimal concentration of Baicalin (6 μM) was identified which could prevent hyperglycemia-induced cardiovascular malformation of embryos. Hyperglycemia-enhanced cell apoptosis was reduced in embryos and HUVECs in the presence of Baicalin. Hyperglycemia-induced excessive ROS production was inhibited when Baicalin was administered. Analyses of SOD, GSH-Px, MQAE and GABAA suggested Baicalin plays an antioxidant role in chick embryos possibly through suppression of outwardly rectifying Cl(−) in the high-glucose microenvironment. In addition, hyperglycemia-enhanced autophagy fell in the presence of Baicalin, through affecting the ubiquitin of p62 and accelerating autophagy flux. Both Baicalin and Vitamin C could decrease apoptosis, but CQ did not, suggesting autophagy to be a protective function on the cell survival. In mice, Baicalin reduced the elevated blood glucose level caused by streptozotocin (STZ). Taken together, these data suggest that hyperglycemia-induced embryonic cardiovascular malformation can be attenuated by Baicalin administration through suppressing the excessive production of ROS and autophagy. Baicalin could be a potential candidate drug for women suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus.

A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and flavonoid biosynthesis ofScutellaria baicalensis

“…Baicalin (6 μM) could protect against the hyperglycemia-induced cardiovascular malformation during chick embryo development, decreasing the high incidence of cardiac bifida from 32% to 16%, by reducing ROS production and regulating SOD (superoxide dismutase), GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase), and GABA A (γ-aminobutyric acid) levels (Wang et al. 2018). Baicalin also exerted angiogenesis and cardioprotective effects against chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and acute myocardial infarction in vivo , through mediation of MAPK cascades, the ERRα (estrogen-related receptor α) pathway, and the PI3K/AKT signaling (Zhang et al.…”

Plant-Based Antidiabetic Nanoformulations: The Emerging Paradigm for Effective Therapy

“…In contrast, plant-derived antidiabetic agents can alleviate diabetic complications through glycaemic control, antioxidant mechanism, and inhibition of pathological signal transductions involved in inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis ( Figure 2). Curcumin [73], resveratrol [74], naringenin [34], quercetin [75], apigenin [76,77], myricitrin [78,79], baicalin [80,81], luteolin [82,83], mangiferin [59,84,85], emodin [86,87], rosmarinic acid [88], berberine [89], stevioside [90,91], asiatic acid [92][93][94], glycyrrhizin [95][96][97][98], baicalin [99,100], silymarin [101], gallic acid [102][103][104], catechins [105,106], thymoquinone [107], and ferulic acid [108][109][110] have been revealed to attenuate diabetic vascular complications via modulating multiple molecular targets.…”

The Quest to Enhance the Efficacy of Berberine for Type-2 Diabetes and Associated Diseases: Physicochemical Modification Approaches

“…Interestingly, the entire dose-response curves of berberine was shown to be shifted down in the presence of baicalin (100 µmol/L), and baicalin antagonised the effect of berberine on glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Since the antioxidant flavonoid baicalein is known to improve a range of abnormalities associated with diabetes [80][81][82][83][84][85], its coadministration with berberine appear to have a favourable outcome in the specified dose range.…”