Balance, Mobility, and Falls Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons

Means, Kevin M.; Rodell, Daniel E.; O’Sullivan, Patricia

doi:10.1097/01.phm.0000151944.22116.5a

Cited by 139 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the effectiveness of these exercise programs as a means of fall prevention in older adults has been controversial. Some studies have demonstrated that exercise prevents falls [9][10][11][12][13][14] , but other studies have shown no effect [15][16][17] . Recently, there has been growing interest in the use of Tai Chi (TC) as an exercise for improving postural balance and prevent falling among older people [18][19][20][21] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Community-Based Tai Chi Training on Balance Control during Stair Descent by Older Adults

2009

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of community-based Tai Chi (TC) training on balance control during stair descent by older adults.[Subjects] Participants were randomly assigned to either the TC group or the wellness education (WE) group. The participants in the TC group received TC training three times a week for 12 weeks. The participants in the WE group participated in a health education program for one hour weekly.[Methods] Subjects stood in a predetermined position at the top of a custom-built 3-step staircase and then negotiated the stairs at a selfpaced speed. Participants were asked to place only one foot on each step (foot-over-foot). The changes in the translation of the center of pressure (COP) before and after TC training were measured. [Results] Subjects in the TC group showed a significant increase in the displacement of COP in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions as well as average velocity of the COP displacement after Tai Chi training (p<0.01). There was little change in the COP displacement for subjects in the WE group.[Conclusion] These findings support the use of TC training as an effective fall prevention program to reduce the incidence of falls among the elderly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Community-Based Tai Chi Training on Balance Control during Stair Descent by Older Adults

2009

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“…This purpose was fulfilled on the common distance in the often conducted gait analysis distance. A course with different stations, which needs substantial space and material, has only limited applicability [22,23,29] though it might provide a greater understanding, especially when information is separated for the different obstacles and surfaces. Another key aspect is to enlarge the measured gait parameters by wearable systems [8,12,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multisurface Obstacle Test for Older Adults (MSOT): development and reliability of a novel test for older adults

Morat

Kroeger²,

Mechling

2013

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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Locomotion is an essential component of independence and well-being at old age. Performance deficits in the gait of older adults most often become evident on multisurface and varying terrains. Research results substantiate that falls occur in everyday movement situations that are characterized by instability. A test track, the Multisurface Obstacle Test for Older Adults (MSOT), was developed to diagnose individual performance. The 10-m track consists of different obstacles and varying surfaces, which represent everyday movement situations in a compact way. Twentynine untrained, healthy older adults (11 men, 18 women) were tested on three different days at 1-week intervals in a test-retest design by the same conductor. Mean age of the participants was 68.8±5.3 years with a mean body mass index of 24.4±2.5 kg/m 2 . The measured outcome variable was the required time (seconds) on the MSOT. The feasibility for the tested sample of untrained older adults was very good. The MSOT was undertaken safely by the participants, and no falls occurred. The range of the mean for time was between 8.12±1.53 s and 9.00±1.62 s. Regarding intertrial reliability, mean differences (MD) of −3.39 to −5.52 % and coefficients of variation (CV) of 2.72 to 4.19 % between the first and second trials and MD of −0.69 to −0.85 % and CV of 2.57 to 4.54 % over the three test sessions were observed. The correlation coefficients between the sessions were .92-.98. There were significant differences (p<.05) between the first and second trials of each session and between the first and second sessions. The smallest detectable differences (SDD) revealed that a small improvement is enough to detect changes in performance in the MSOT. Selecting tasks from real-life situations of older adults contributes to substantiate practical usability of the MSOT. The measured time on the MSOT showed high relative and absolute reliability in the target group of older adults between 60 and 80 years.

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“…Madureira et al have shown that balance training program is effective in reducing the risk of falling in elderly [16]. Traditionally exercise programs were delivered in a class situation or individually by professional physical therapist [18,19].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Serious Game for Training Balance Control over Different Types of Soil

Ménélas

Otis

2012

Serious Games Development and Applications

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It is known that the type of the soil can affect balance. Here we report a serious game designed for training users at maintaining balance over five types of soil (broken stone, stone dust, sand, concrete and wood). By using an augmented shoe and proposed navigation metaphor, in this game, the user is invited to browse a maze with standing balance over the physical grounds. During the exploration, exercises targeting assessment balance control are suggested. To insure the effectiveness of this training program, four exercises based on the Berg Balance Scale and the Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool are incorporated in the game.

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Balance, Mobility, and Falls Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons

Abstract: Our intervention can improve functional performance and protect against falls and fall-related injuries.

Cited by 139 publications

References 26 publications

The Effectiveness of Community-Based Tai Chi Training on Balance Control during Stair Descent by Older Adults

The Effectiveness of Community-Based Tai Chi Training on Balance Control during Stair Descent by Older Adults

The Multisurface Obstacle Test for Older Adults (MSOT): development and reliability of a novel test for older adults

A Serious Game for Training Balance Control over Different Types of Soil

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