Balance Performance Disorders and Sway of the Center of Gravity in Children With ADHD

Abstract

The main characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are the emergence of stability patterns of attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity. These disorders affect the balance performance of the patients. The disorder has a relatively high prevalence in school-aged children. The purpose of this review study is to investigate the balance and postural abilities of children with ADHD. Materials and Methods: The objectives of this study were investigated by searching in the Web of Science, Medline, PubMed and OTseeker databases. The articles with these criteria were included in this study: published articles in English and Persian accredited journals; study participants were school-aged children with ADHD; Articles with the aim of assessing the participants' balance skills, the rate of sway of the center of gravity and motor disorders in children with ADHD. The articles were published between 2002 to March 2018. Finally, 18 eligible articles were met the inclusion criteria and reviewed. Results: The 18 articles were entered to the study. The results of most of the articles show disturbances in the balance and Sway of ADHD's children's center of gravity. Balance and motor disorder in children with ADHD has a very high prevalence. Conclusion: The simultaneity of this disorder with DCD and the presence of some defects in the performance of cerebellar in these children are evident and confirms the presence of balance and motor control disorders in children with ADHD. The reason for the defects in the performance of some brain parts is not clear yet.

The relationship between motor milestone achievement and childhood motor deficits in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and children with Developmental Coordination Disorder.

“…Children with ADHD who meet the criteria for DCD have been reported to display fine and gross motor difficulties (Farran et al, 2020;Miyahara, Piek, & Barrett, 2006;Pitcher, Piek, & Hay, 2003) and have difficulties in handwriting (Brossard-Racine, Majnemer, Shevell, & Snider, 2008). Further studies have investigated specific areas to demonstrate significant deficits for these children, relative to their typically developing (TD) counterparts, across motor speed, balance, postural stability and coordination (Amini, Hosseini, & Akbarfahimi, 2018;Ayaz, Ayaz, & Yazgan, 2010;Bucci, 2017;Sweeney et al, 2018).…”