Balance Perturbations as a Measurement Tool for Trunk Impairment in Cross-Country Sit Skiing

Rosso, Valeria; Gastaldi, Laura; Rapp, Walter; Lindinger, Stefan; Vanlandewijck, Yves; Äyrämö, Sami; Linnamo, Vesa

doi:10.1123/apaq.2017-0161

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Trunk movement assessment is one of the main points to evaluate in the classification process in wheelchair sports, because sports activities are depended on trunk movement (flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation) in three planes: the sagittal plane (forward), the coronal plane (sideways) and the transverse plane (vertical). According to their trunk abilities, athletes are divided into different sports classes in many parasports like wheelchair rugby [9–13], wheelchair basketball [13–18], wheelchair fencing [19], wheelchair track [20], paraskiing [21–23] or wheelchair tennis. Therefore, the examination of validity and reliability of methods used for assessing trunk function is important, needed and supported by the International Paralympic Committee as a part of classification systems development; i.e., conducting research according to evidence-based classification approach in each parasport classification discipline to search a gold standard method to assess and divide players into classes [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale (AIS) helps to assess the medical level of athletes’ trunk function in paraskiing [21, 26]. The Test-Table-Test Board performed in a special stand [21, 26], special motorized plate on which a sit-ski can be placed to test athletes’ trunk stability [23] or the unique sensorized frame with mounted electrical-drive sledge to test trunk control are helpful in assessing trunk function in specific settings in paraskiing athletes. In general, balance tests (static and dynamic) [6, 9, 12, 16], variations of reach tests [14, 27], trunk inclination tests using force plates [28] and maximal static trunk strength measurement [5, 16, 17, 20] are used for trunk assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability of measurement of active trunk movement in wheelchair basketball players

Marszałek¹,

Molik²

2019

PLoS ONE

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The study aim was to assess the reliability to active trunk movements measurement in four sitting positions in wheelchair basketball players and to check their trunk movements in these positions. Eighteen volunteer wheelchair basketball athletes, with a minimum of five years’ training experience, were asked to perform the maximum range of active trunk movement in three planes in four sitting positions (in a sports wheelchair with straps, without straps, on a table with feet on the floor, on a table without foot support). The range of movement was measured by the Kinect for Windows V2 sensor twice (with one-week interval). To assess the reliability, different statistical methods were used for each movement: significance of differences between the results (p-value), interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC). The limits of agreement analysis (LOA) were calculated. Differences between trunk movements in four positions were checked by the MANOVA (Wilk’s Lambda and ETA2 were calculated if data were normally distributed). The significance level was set at α < .05. Friedman ANOVA and non-parametric Wilcoxon test with the Bonferroni correction were applied when data were not normally distributed. The significance level after Bonferroni correction was set at α < .013 (α = p/k, where p = .05, k–number of positions = 4). The measurement of active trunk movement in each plane was reliable (p > .05, no differences between the results, “very good”ICC, between .96-.99). In the position with straps, the trunk movement was significantly bigger than in other positions (p < .05), except for the position without straps (p > .05). The Kinect for Windows V2 sensor measured active trunk movement in a reliable manner and it can be recommended as a reliable tool for measuring trunk function. Utilizing straps by wheelchair basketball players increases their trunk movement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of measurement of active trunk movement in wheelchair basketball players

Marszałek¹,

Molik²

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…In this case, coefficients are used to consider different levels of activity limitations. In recent years, the International Paralympic Committee has promoted the development of an evidence-based classification (International Paralympic Committee, 2007, 2015a, in which researches have been conducted for some sports (Connick et al, 2017), (Rosso et al, 2019). Since number of total medal events depends on many changing factors, it could be that this indicator difficulty allows a comparison of PWG size over years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Beijing 2022: Discussion on the growth in size of Paralympic Winter Games in terms of participating data from Örnsköldvik 1976 to PyeongChang 2018

Rosso

Gastaldi

2020

jhse

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Paralympic Winter Games (PWG) born in 1976. Across Games, media personnel has increased suggesting an increase in PWG size. However, the growth of PWG from Örnsköldsvik 1976 to PyeongChang 2018 in terms of participating data has not been discussed. This work aims to find if the growth in media coverage comes together with an increase in PWG size in terms of National Paralympic Committee, sports, medal events, and athletes. The presence of trend over PWG editions is evaluated with Mann-Kendall Trend Test and differences among sports and continents with Kruskal Wallis test. Showing a significant monotonic trend, the number of countries (p < .001, β = 0.81) and the number of participating athletes (p < .001, β = 7.40) seem to be good indicators of PWG. These two indicators are good descriptors of PWG size because related to sociocultural and political aspects. In contrast, number of medal events being related to many factors did not show statistically significant trend (p = .95); therefore, this indicator seems to be less appropriate to describe PWG size. If the whole history is considered, slow but significant changes in number of sports (p < .001, β = 0.08) suggest this indicator could be considered in describing Games size.

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“…Overall, the correlations found between the laboratory and the tests on ice may suggest that alternating reach tests could be used as a general index of the overall players' skating abilities. However, due to the importance of the trunk in sprint and manoeuvrability, [31][32][33] the trunk kinematics should also be evaluated in order to have more detailed information of Para ice hockey players skating abilities. The current kinematic findings may also be used as baseline knowledge for specific considerations related to the impact of impairment on performance, possibly using specific software simulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory and on ice tests to evaluate kinematics of Para ice hockey players

Rosso

Cinus

Gastaldi

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

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Sprint and technique abilities of Para ice hockey players are of great importance to increase skating performance. To assess skating abilities, kinematics is widely used. This study had two purposes: (1) to assess two-dimensional kinematics of Para ice hockey players’ performance in the laboratory and on ice (sprint and agility) tests and (2) to quantify the relationship between the laboratory and on ice performance. Seven athletes were recruited. In the laboratory, three alternated reach tests were performed in which athletes touched the ground as many times as possible with hands, elbows, or shoulders. The sprint test consisted of 30-m skating at the highest speed starting from standstill, whereas the agility test consisted of sprinting for four left curves and four right curves. Athletes’ movements in the laboratory and on ice tests were acquired using a portable technology. In the laboratory, the best performance was realized when participants touched the ground with hand or elbow. In the sprint test, lower speed and trunk inclination were observed in the first 10 m. In the agility test, greater blade angle was observed in the left curves, compared with the right curves. Significant correlations were found between the laboratory and on ice test performance. Overall, these findings are a useful indicator of athletes’ skating abilities and could be used to increase athletes’ ability to accelerate rapidly and improve sledge manoeuvrability. For detailed player information, kinematics should still be evaluated using sport specific tests and video analysis.

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Balance Perturbations as a Measurement Tool for Trunk Impairment in Cross-Country Sit Skiing

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Reliability of measurement of active trunk movement in wheelchair basketball players

Reliability of measurement of active trunk movement in wheelchair basketball players

Towards Beijing 2022: Discussion on the growth in size of Paralympic Winter Games in terms of participating data from Örnsköldvik 1976 to PyeongChang 2018

Laboratory and on ice tests to evaluate kinematics of Para ice hockey players

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