Balanced cross-section construction from seismic sections in areas of extensional tectonics

Gibbs, A. D.

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(83)90040-8

Cited by 442 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These plots provide insights about potential reactivation of fault by dip linkage (Mansfield and Cartwright, 1996;Omosanya and Alves, 2014;Tvedt et al, 2013), and also distinguishing faults that developed through synsedimentary activity from blind or radial propagation of tips (Childs et al, 2003;Omosanya and Alves, 2014). Expansion Index (EI) has been used to define periods of most significant fault growth form normal faults (Beach, 1984;Bischke, 1994;Gibbs, 1983;Mansfield and Cartwright, 1996;Pochat et al, 2009;Thorsen, 1963) but does not contain any information about absolute slip rate (Cartwright et al, 1998). Expansion indices and t-z plots can be used to constrain timing of fault activity.…”

Section: Fault Displacement Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-seated faults and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Gas Field, Hammerfest Basin, Southwestern Barents Sea

Mohammedyasin

Lippard

Omosanya

et al. 2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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High-quality 3D seismic data are used to analyze the history of fault growth and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Field, southwestern Barents Sea. The aim of this work is to evaluate the role of tectonic fracturing as a mechanism driving fluid-flow in the study area. To achieve this aim, an integrated approach including seismic interpretation, multiple seismic attribute analysis, fault modeling and displacement analysis was used.The six major faults in the study area are dip-slip normal faults which are characterized by complex lateral and vertical segmentation. The three main episodes of fault reactivation interpreted were in late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian), early Cretaceous and Paleocene times. Fault reactivation in the study area is mainly through dip-linkage. Throw-distance plots of the representative faults also revealed along-strike linkage and multi-skewed C-type profiles. The throw profiles show that faults in the study area evolved through polycyclic activity involving both blind propagation, syn-sedimentary activity and that they have their maximum displacement at the reservoir zone. The expansion and growth indices provide evidence for coeval fault activity with sedimentation and interaction of the faults with a free surface during their evolution.

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Section: Fault Displacement Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-seated faults and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Gas Field, Hammerfest Basin, Southwestern Barents Sea

Mohammedyasin

Lippard

Omosanya

et al. 2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Cross section along the Tailan River shows computed fault shape constrained by fold shape of T 0 surface and location of fault cuts on lower surfaces. The input fault dip of 22-23°is relatively robust for a range of folding vectors (90 -50°N), computed using the inclined shear method [Gibbs, 1983;White et al, 1986]. HUBERT-FERRARI ET AL.…”

Section: Ages Of Surfaces Cut By the Aksu Thrust Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore we know from bedrock outcrops in the nearby valleys and from seismic reflection profiles that the fault has a shallow $20°mean dip. A series of kinematic models was then generated using the classic inclined shear method [Gibbs, 1983;White et al, 1986]. We considered a wide range of possible dips for the folding vector (50 -90°), but there is a relatively narrow range of possible shallow fault shape models that would satisfy the data.…”

Section: Total Uplift and Fault Scarp Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irregular earthquake cycle along the southern Tianshan front, Aksu area, China

et al. 2005

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[1] A long deformation record ($16.5 ka) showing nonsteady earthquake recurrence is established for the Aksu thrust (Tianshan, China) on the basis of cosmogenic 10 Be dating of faulted surfaces. Topographic leveling across the Aksu fault scarp indicates up to $10 m uplift across a moraine abandoned $16.5 ka and similar uplift of $6 m across two inset surfaces yielding ages of $12.5 and $5 ka. Successively smaller uplifts of terraces younger than 5 ka indicate that three or more major earthquakes occurred during this period. These data show that the Aksu thrust fault was quiet for at least 7500 years and active in the last $5000 years and probably in the interval 16.5-12.5 ka. The seismic cycle along the Aksu thrust fault over the last $16,500 years was thus strongly irregular showing long quiescence and clustering, which is a challenge for paleoseismology and hazard assessment. This irregularity also makes it more difficult to estimate long-term shortening rates. Nevertheless, we are able to constrain a minimum total shortening rate (>7 mm/yr) across the southern Tianshan front for the last 12,500 years that is about a third of the total geodetic rate for the western Tianshan ($20 mm/yr).

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“…Evidence for listric extensional fault systems in continental extensional regimes comes from the North Sea Basin [Gibbs, 1983[Gibbs, , 1984a Yonkee, personal communication, 1996). In the northern part of the island, where Late Proterozoic rocks are exposed, bedding-plane dips do not exceed 20 ø [Palmer, 1969], consistent with bedding-plane orientations on Fremont Island and Cartington Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of listric faults at thrust fault ramps beneath the Great Salt Lake Basin, Utah: Evidence from seismic imaging and finite element modeling

Mohapatra¹,

Johnson²

1998

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Reflection seismic data from the Great Salt Lake Basin, Utah, show that the major basin-bounding normal faults decrease in dip from ~60 ø at the surface to ~100-20 ø at depths as shallow as 4-6 km. This rapid decrease in fault dip at depths shallower than the brittle-ductile transition zone in the Basin and Range Province suggests an explanation other than a gradual change of rheology and stress orientations with depth. Using a dense grid of seismic data, gravity data, borehole data, and published geologic information from islands in the lake, we constrain the position of the Sevier age Willard thrust and a footwall imbricate and show their reactivation as normal faults during Tertiary extension. In the absence of surface geologic information, we use available subsurface information from the lake to draw an analogy with the Ogden duplex in the Wasatch Front, where Cenozoic normal faulting was superimposed on an earlier Sevier age thrust regime to give rise to listric normal faults. Our interpretations are consistent with finite element modeling results, which demonstrate that extensional slip on preexisting thrust ramps leads to the formation of energetically favored synthetic normal faults, some of which may merge with the thrust ramp and obtain listric geometries. Further slip on these listric faults gives rise to secondary synthetic and antithetic faults resulting in hanging wall grabens.

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Balanced cross-section construction from seismic sections in areas of extensional tectonics

Cited by 442 publications

References 27 publications

Deep-seated faults and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Gas Field, Hammerfest Basin, Southwestern Barents Sea

Deep-seated faults and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Gas Field, Hammerfest Basin, Southwestern Barents Sea

Irregular earthquake cycle along the southern Tianshan front, Aksu area, China

Localization of listric faults at thrust fault ramps beneath the Great Salt Lake Basin, Utah: Evidence from seismic imaging and finite element modeling

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