Balances of oxidized sulfur and nitrogen over the former Soviet Union territory

Ryaboshapko, A. G.; Gallardo, Laura; ̈m, Erik Kjellstro; Gromov, Sergey; Paramonov, Sergey G.; Afinogenova, O.; Rodhe, Henning

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(97)00298-7

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Supplementary files related to this article include: The supplementary information for this article describes a number of additional data sources used in this work, including the following: 840 (Bartoňová, 2015;Blumberg et al, 2003;Denier van der Gon et al, 2015;EIA, 2013;Endresen et al, 2007;Environment Canada, 2016;Eyring et al, 2005;Fletcher, 1997;Foell et al, 1995;Fouquet and Pearson, 1998;Gschwandtner et al, 1986;Huo et al, 2012;IEA, 2016a;Kaur et al, 2012;Kholod and Evans, 2015;Liu et al, 2015a;Ludek and Holub, 2005;McLinden et al, 2016;Mester, 2000;Mitchell, 2003Mitchell, , 2007Mitchell, , 1983Mylona, 1996;OECD, 2016;Pretorius et al, 2015;Rowe and Morrison, 1999;Ryaboshapko et al, 1996;Sanger, 1997;Simachaya, 845 2015;Smith et al, 2014;Tushingham, 1996;UK DEFRA, 2015;US EPA, 2012;Wu et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2011) Geosci. Model Dev.…”

Section: A1 Supplementary Information Filesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emission Data System (CEDS)

Hoesly¹,

Smith²,

Feng³

et al. 2017

Preprint

110

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We present a new data set of annual historical (1750 -2014) anthropogenic chemically reactive gases (CO, CH 4 , NH 3 , NO X , SO 2 , NMVOC), carbonaceous aerosols (BC and OC), and CO 2 developed with the 25Community Emissions Database System (CEDS). We improve upon existing inventories with a more consistent and reproducible methodology applied to all emissions species, updated emission factors, and recent estimates through 2014. The data system relies on existing energy consumption data sets and regional and country-specific inventories to produce trends over recent decades. All emissions species are consistently estimated using the same activity data over all time periods. Emissions are provided on an annual basis at the level of country and sector and gridded with 30 monthly seasonality. These estimates are comparable to, but generally slightly higher than, existing global inventories. Emissions over the most recent years are more uncertain, particularly in low-and middle-income regions where country-specific emission inventories are less available. Future work will involve refining and updating these emission estimates, estimating emissions uncertainty, and publication of the system as open source software. 35Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss.,

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Section: A1 Supplementary Information Filesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7. 1970,1975,1980,1985(US EPA, 2016 2.5 Pre-1970 emissions extension Historical emissions and energy data before 1970 generally does not have the same detail as more modern data. In general we extend activity and emission factors back in time separately, with a time and sector specific options to 345 capture changes in technologies, fuel mixes, and activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emission Data System (CEDS)

Hoesly¹,

Smith²,

Feng³

et al. 2017

Preprint

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The extensive use of geothermal energy means that fossil fuel burning is not common For example the village of Esso has geothermal central heating for the homes (Gleadhill REF). (and anthropogenic nitrogen (NOx) and sulphur emissions from the area are estimated from models to be low (Ryaboshapko et al 1998). …”

Section: Pollution Sources and Recent Climate Change In Kamchatkamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of global pollution and recent environmental change in Kamchatka, Russia

Jones

Self

Solovieva

et al. 2015

Global and Planetary Change

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Kamchatka is a remote, isolated and understudied area and is presumed to be pristine. Here we present the first high-resolution palaeolimnological investigation of the recent past. A short core representing the last 250 years was taken from Olive-backed Lake situated in central Kamchatka. Lead-210 dating revealed that sediment accumulation has increased at the site since the 1960s and may be related to greater rates of catchment erosion associated with wetter winters in the region. Mercury and spheroidal carbonaceous particles (an unambiguous indicator of fossil fuel combustion) concentrations are low but clearly detectable indicating that both regional and global pollution sources are observed at this site. The recent increase in the flux of mercury is more related to catchment sources and catchment erosion than increases from regional or global sources. The diatom and chironomid populations are stable and do not show any statistically significant changes related to either the low levels of pollution, or to temperature and precipitation changes. The lake is not pristine since anthropogenic contamination has occurred but since there have been no significant effects on the flora and fauna the lake can be considered to be unimpacted. Olive-backed Lake may be a suitable reference site to benchmark the natural variability of a lake ecosystem.

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“…Using gridded maps of oxidized (wet and dry) sulphur and nitrogen depositions across Europe and eastern Russia [ Ryaboshapko et al , 1998; Fagerli et al , 2003; Dentener , 2006] (Figure 4), we revealed a significant relationship between sulphur and nitrogen depositions at the sites and the site‐mean NE ring‐width indices (where the climate effects were not removed) and the site‐mean climate corrected NE ring‐width residuals over the period 1970 to 1989 relative to the period 1920–1939 (R = 0.43, p = 0.03 and R = 0.44, p = 0.02, respectively) (Figure 5a and 5b). Oxidized sulphur depositions negatively affected the NE indices and NE residuals in 1970–1989 (p = 0.005 and 0.008, respectively), whereas the effect of oxidized nitrogen depositions was positive (p = 0.04 and p = 0.04, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulphur deposition causes a large‐scale growth decline in boreal forests in Eurasia

Savva

Berninger

2010

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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[1] Human activity has altered climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and the concentrations of several pollutants over the last few decades. At the same time, short-term reactions of tree growth to climatic variations have changed during the last few decades, for reasons that are poorly understood. However, the effects of the pollutants on growth of boreal forests in these remote areas have not been quantified, but even small changes in the productivity of boreal forest should have a large effect on the carbon balance. Systematic growth changes of Scots pine, the most important forest species in boreal Eurasia, were analyzed over the last few decades using all 40 available tree ring chronologies north of 60°N latitude from the International Tree-Ring Data Bank. We demonstrated a long-term growth decline of Scots pine of about 17% or 0.0025 mm per year from the 1930s to the 1980s in northern Eurasia using a mixed-effect model. This growth decline was estimated from radial growth when the age and climate effects were factored out. Although the study sites were previously considered low-pollution pristine environments, the growth decrease was significantly related to sulphur depositions, while nitrogen depositions appeared to increase growth. Additionally, sulphur depositions caused Scots pine forests to be more sensitive to drought. Although the negative effects of local pollution on plant growth have been widely observed, the long-term effects of sulphur emissions and its spread to ecosystems distant from the sources of pollution have never been previously documented at such a large scale.

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Balances of oxidized sulfur and nitrogen over the former Soviet Union territory

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emission Data System (CEDS)

Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emission Data System (CEDS)

Evidence of global pollution and recent environmental change in Kamchatka, Russia

Sulphur deposition causes a large‐scale growth decline in boreal forests in Eurasia

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