Balancing dairy cattle diets for rumen nitrogen and methionine or all essential amino acids relative to metabolizable energy

Higgs, R.J.; Chase, L.E.; Schwab, C.G.; Sloan, B. K.; Luchini, D.; LaPierre, P.A.; Amburgh, M.E. Van

doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22019

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Acetate and butyrate pay great attention to the genus Alistipes and Akkermansia [45,46]. The metabolism and biodegradation of amino acids are closely related to the energy of the feed and the energy balance of the body [47,48]. Some Artemisiae species have an antioxidant effect as well as antimicrobial activity against microbes [49] and against fungi [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Concentration of Amino Acids and Bacterial Community in the Rumen When Feeding Artemisia absinthium and Cobalt Chloride

et al. 2023

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The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of a plant feed additive based on Artemisia absinthium and the metal trace element CoCl2 (cobalt chloride II) on the metabolism of amino acids closely related to the energy of feed and the bacterial community of the rumen of Kazakh white-headed bulls. Animals were divided into four groups: (A)—the control group of animals received the basic diet (BD), (B)—animals of the experimental group I were additionally given A. absinthium at a dose of 2.0 g/kg of dry matter (DM), (C)—II experimental group A. absinthium at a dose of 2.0 g/kg DM with additional CoCl2 (1.5 mg/kg/DM), and (D)—III experimental group was given only CoCl2 (1.5 mg/kg/DM) to study the rumen metabolism of amino acids and bacterial diversity of animals, rumen cannula were installed, the experiment was carried out using a 4 × 4 Latin square. It was found that additional feeding of A. absinthium, both separately and in combination with CoCl2, led to a change in the indices of the alpha biodiversity of the bacterial community. Correlation analysis revealed a linear relationship between the concentration of amino acids and the rumen bacterial community (p ≤ 0.05). The relationship between the values of amino acid concentrations and certain OTUs was established, with a possible percentile probability of 95% for the genera unclassified Lachnospiraceae, unclassified Clostridiales, unclassified Bacteroidales, Fibrobacter, Ihubacter, Phocaeicola, Paludibacter, Akkermansia, Vampirovibrio, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, and Alistipes. Thus, the use of A. absinthium and CoCl2 as feed additives, both in combination and without, leads to a change in the taxonomic structure affecting the concentration of amino acids. However, further research is needed to better understand the effectiveness and safety of these supplements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Concentration of Amino Acids and Bacterial Community in the Rumen When Feeding Artemisia absinthium and Cobalt Chloride

et al. 2023

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“…Differences between the neutral and positive diets were not significant. A second trial was done using four diets [144]. The base diet was 13.5% CP, which was adequate for ME but limited in rumen N, methionine, and MP.…”

Section: Diet Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Economic Responses to Precision Feed Management in Dairy Cattle Diets

Chase

Fortina

2023

Agriculture

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The dairy industry is under pressure to reduce its environmental impact while producing more milk to meet society’s needs. Precision feed management (PFM) is one tool that can be used to meet this challenge. A simple definition of PFM is to provide adequate, but not excessive, nutrients to meet animal requirements. There has been an industry trend to decrease diet nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the last 20 years. New York herds lowered diet N by 10.8% between 1999 and 2019. Milk per cow increased by 40% during this time, while total manure N excretion decreased by 8.1%. Research results from on-farm trials have consistently indicated that lowering diet crude protein (CP) decreases manure N excretion while improving profitability; in a 3-year study with 8 herds, diet CP was decreased by 9.7%, while manure N excretion was 14% lower. Income over purchased feed cost increased by $137/cow/year. Carbon footprint (CF) has also decreased. A decrease of 19% between 2007 and 2017 was reported for the United States dairy industry. The dairy industry has already made significant strides in improving milk production while lowering its impact on the environment; however, there are additional opportunities to further reduce nutrient excretion and emissions into the environment and increase the efficiency of nutrient use.

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Impact of Lysine to Methionine Ratios on Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function in the Rumen of Tibetan Sheep: An RNA‐Seq Analysis

Zhang,

Su,

Gao

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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With global protein prices on the rise, lowering protein levels in animal feed, together with balancing diet composition and reducing nitrogen emissions, can both reduce the environmental impact of agriculture and save on feed costs. However, the formulation of an ideal amino acid (AA) composition is crucial for better protein utilization by livestock. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different lysine to methionine ratios on the antioxidant capacity and immune function of the rumen in Tibetan sheep. Ninety male Tibetan sheep, weaned at 2 months of age, were randomly divided into three groups (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 lysine ratios) and subjected to a 100‐day feeding trial. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was utilized to analyse the impact of different AA ratios on gene expression in rumen tissue, whereas the levels of antioxidant enzymes (total antioxidant capacity [T‐AOC], superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH‐Px] and catalase [CAT]) and immunoglobulins (immunoglobulin A [IgA], immunoglobulin G [IgG] and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) were evaluated. The results indicated that the 1:1 group significantly upregulated the expression of PTGS2, PLA2G12A and PLA2G4 genes, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, reducing free radical production and modulating systemic immune responses. COL16A1 and KCNK5 were highly expressed in the protein digestion and absorption pathway, maintaining the structural integrity and function of the rumen epithelium. BMP4 and TGFBR2 were significantly enriched in the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction pathway and positively correlated with CAT and T‐AOC. ITGA8 was upregulated in the 1:1 group, participating in the regulation of various cellular signalling pathways. ATP2B1 was enriched in the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)– protein kinase G (PKG) signalling and mineral absorption pathways, primarily influencing oxidative stress and immune responses by regulating intracellular calcium ion concentration. This study demonstrates that a 1:1 lysine to methionine ratio is most beneficial for enhancing the antioxidant capacity and immune function of the rumen in Tibetan sheep.

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Balancing dairy cattle diets for rumen nitrogen and methionine or all essential amino acids relative to metabolizable energy

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Changes in the Concentration of Amino Acids and Bacterial Community in the Rumen When Feeding Artemisia absinthium and Cobalt Chloride

Changes in the Concentration of Amino Acids and Bacterial Community in the Rumen When Feeding Artemisia absinthium and Cobalt Chloride

Environmental and Economic Responses to Precision Feed Management in Dairy Cattle Diets

Impact of Lysine to Methionine Ratios on Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function in the Rumen of Tibetan Sheep: An RNA‐Seq Analysis

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