Balancing income and cost in red deer management

Skonhoft, Anders; Veiberg, Vebjørn; Gauteplass, Asle; Olaussen, Jon Olaf; Meisingset, Erling L.; Mysterud, Atle

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.11.006

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In our study, the current main concern of fragmented management is not a lower population growth rate than could optimally be achieved (Hebblewhite et al., ). Instead, the concern is on a fair share of revenue and costs among landowners with different proportions of summer and winter range to red deer (Skonhoft et al., ). Main drivers of migration in the northern hemisphere are often linked to snowfall in autumn and forage maturation in spring (Cagnacci et al., ; Hebblewhite, Merrill, & McDermid, ; Mysterud, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red deer cause substantial economic losses due to grazing damages at pastures in both winter and summer ranges (Lande, Loe, Skjærli, Meisingset, & Mysterud, ). However, landowners in wintering areas often get a larger share of the hunting revenue, because most deer migrate back to winter ranges early in the hunting season before landowners in the summer ranges can profit by harvesting them (Loe et al., ; Skonhoft et al., ). This asymmetry in hunting benefit often causes disagreement between landowners in winter and summer ranges regarding hunting quotas and targets for population sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretical studies clearly document that increased harvest yield and a more unified management of migratory populations can be attained through improved collaboration at larger scales in such K E Y W O R D S border crossing, home range, hunting, local management units, migratory populations, movement ecology, partial migration, population management, range use, red deer a situation (Skonhoft et al, 2013). In our study system, formation of management units that cover both typically winter and summer ranges could solve this issue, potentially reducing conflicts by reaching common goals for population development and appropriate hunting quotas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial mismatch between management units and movement ecology of a partially migratory ungulate

Meisingset

Loe

Brekkum

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Population‐level management is difficult to achieve if wildlife routinely crosses administrative boundaries, as is particularly frequent for migratory populations. However, the degree of mismatch between management units and scales at which ecological processes operate has rarely been quantified. Such insight is vital for delimiting functional population units of partially migratory species common in northern forest ecosystems. We combined an extensive dataset of 412 GPS‐marked red deer (Cervus elaphus) across Norway with information on the size and borders of two administrative levels, the governmental level (municipality) and landowner level (local management units, LMUs), to determine the timing and scale of mismatch between animal space use and management units. We analysed how landscape characteristics affected the use of management units and the timing and likelihood of crossing borders between them, in an effort to delineate more appropriate units in various landscapes. Median municipality size could potentially cover 70% of female and 62% of male annual ranges, while only 12% and 4% of LMUs were expansive enough to accommodate migratory routes in females and males, respectively. Red deer migrate along elevational gradients and are more likely to find both suitable lowland winter habitat and higher summer habitat within management units with variable topography. Consistent with this, the likelihood of border crossing decreased with increasing diversity of elevations. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate a considerable mismatch between animal space use and management units. Far‐ranging movements and frequent administrative border crossings during autumn migration coincides with the period of active management (hunting season). Our study also highlights that, due to extensive movements of males, coordination of management aims may provide a more realistic avenue than increasing sizes of local management units. A more general insight is that the degree of mismatch between range use and management units depends on the season and landscape type. This needs to be accounted for when delimitating functional population units of migratory populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial mismatch between management units and movement ecology of a partially migratory ungulate

Meisingset

Loe

Brekkum

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…In terms of the temporal scale, autumn migration of deer in Norway occurs from late August throughout September, in general from higher elevation inland areas to coastal wintering areas. This implies a redistribution of red deer from inland landowners to coastal landowners during the hunting season from 1 September to 23 December (Skonhoft et al 2013). Even though the understanding of migratory behavior has improved, scientists struggle to pin down exactly what the optimum size (and shape) of a functional management unit would be, not least because the degree of mismatch between range use and management units depends on season and landscape type.…”

Section: Scale Mismatches In Social-ecological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red deer management in Norway has been described as being undertaken in a well-defined management system, typically consisting of many landowners operating in a cooperative manner, with the goal of maximizing the present-value huntingrelated income while taking browsing and grazing damages into account (Skonhoft et al 2013). However, the social processes and institutions are more complex and multilayered than this description suggests.…”

Section: Case Study Background: Red Deer Management In Norwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social constraints in cross-boundary collaborative deer management

Prager¹,

Lorenzo‐Arribas²,

Bull³

et al. 2018

E&S

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The complex interactions between different spatial, temporal, and functional scales in social-ecological systems are recognized as a key challenge in sustainable management of natural resources. We analyze scale mismatches using the example of migratory red deer (Cervus elaphus) management. Hunting practices and organization of hunting are shaped by the social and institutional context rather than the biology and space use of the species. The collaboration among landowners across property boundaries is a potential solution to address scale mismatches but a number of social constraints need to be taken into account. Based on data from a survey of attitudes and perceptions of 509 Norwegian landowners we found a number of social constraints including differing interests and objectives for deer management, land tenure arrangements, weak links between actors at different levels, lower satisfaction with current deer management and cooperation at the higher (municipality) level, information asymmetry, and different perceptions of benefits and costs of cooperation. For example, 73% of respondents were satisfied with current management at the hunting field level (smallest management unit) but only 43% at the municipality level, which represents unit sizes necessary for deer management at the population level. Seventy percent of respondents hunt mainly for enjoyment and meat whereas 30% hunt to reduce crop damage; hence aggregation into larger management units may increase internal conflict among landowners with different objectives. Our results suggest that coordination of management across property boundaries is a more realistic aim than merging of units. Given that income from hunting in Norway is generally low, we anticipate that financial incentives are unlikely to have a large impact on landowners' willingness to cooperate. Instead, we make suggestions for enhancing existing nested governance arrangements and institutional interplay to support scale alignment by means of developing shared management objectives, and creating learning and knowledge sharing opportunities facilitated by an intermediary.

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Red deer habitat selection and movements in relation to roads

et al. 2012

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As I grew up on a small farm next to a deeryard, red deer and deer hunting have been a part of my life for as long as I can remember and probably determined my interests and choice of profession. I experienced my first red deer hunt as a 4-year-old boy sitting next to my father; I was excited and probably a bit terrified. At age 15, I shot my first deer, and at age 21, I met Rolf Langvatn. These milestones have affected me ever since! There are many people who I wish to thank. I owe a great debt of gratitude to my three supervisors: Atle Mysterud, Leif Egil Loe and Atle Wibe. I met my primary supervisor, Atle Mysterud, approximately 15 years ago, and we immediately found a "tone" that developed into a unique collaboration and friendship. Atle, you are the "engine" of the red deer group, and with your deep understanding of ecology and genuine interest in ungulate ecology, you are an inspiration to me. Thank you for teaching me the craft of writing scientific papers, even though I will never match your skills. It has been a privilege to have a supervisor willing to return a much improved draft within hours. Thank you for the excellent collaboration so far; I hope we can continue to develop it in the future, in terms of both science and hunting! Leif Egil, we met on Svalbard as early as 1996; you as an incoming student with Rolf Langvatn and I as a former. Although we were a good reindeer-catching team, we were joined by the red deer. Since our early work on "teeth" together, we have moved on to GPS data and space use. Without your knowledge of R and your excellent analytical skills, the analyses of the GPS data and this thesis would have been impossible. Our cooperation has been excellent, and as with Atle, I hope it will continue. To both you and Atle, thank you for your generous hospitality during my occasional drop-ins in Oslo. Special thanks go to Rolf Langvatn. Rolf, I am very grateful that you welcomed me as a young student and brought me into the world of science in the early 1990s. Your fabulous skills concerning both red deer and the collection and care of scientific data were a vital education to me. Without you, I never would have become a scientist or (perhaps) a red deer "specialist", but I'll never meet your standard! Additionally, thanks to the red deer group for the many years of excellent collaboration, especially Arve Aarhus, Inger Maren Rivrud, Unni Støbet Lande, Vebjørn Veiberg, Barbara Zimmermann and Richard Bischof. Thanks especially to Øystein Brekkum, my right hand for many years on the red deer marking projects, for cleaning up my messes and helping me keep all of the information and data together. Without

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Balancing income and cost in red deer management

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Spatial mismatch between management units and movement ecology of a partially migratory ungulate

Spatial mismatch between management units and movement ecology of a partially migratory ungulate

Social constraints in cross-boundary collaborative deer management

Red deer habitat selection and movements in relation to roads

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