Abstract-Cloud federation is an emergent cloud-computing paradigm where partner organisations share data and services hosted on their own clouds platforms. In this context, it is crucial to enforce access control policies that satisfy the data protection and privacy requirements of the partner organisations. However, due to the distributed nature of cloud federations, the access control system alone does not guarantee that its deployed components cannot be circumvented while processing access requests. Therefore, in order to promote accountability and transparency of access control decisions in federated clouds, we present a decentralised runtime monitoring architecture based on a blockchain technology. The logging components and data of the proposed infrastructure are deployed on the blockchain. This guarantees that the runtime monitoring components and the access logs cannot be compromised by malicious users to disguise their actions. We evaluate the performance of the runtime monitoring infrastructure with respect to detecting policy violations, and the cost of deploying the logging components and data on the blockchain.