Journal of Pediatric Urology

2012

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2011.05.001

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Balanitis xerotica obliterans in children and its incidence under the age of 5 years

Sivasankar Jayakumar

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Cited by 45 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Our study included patients aged one to 18 years, but in the group of patients with BXO there was no patient younger than six years old. This result does not correspond with the results of research conducted by Jayakuma et al The study in which they histologically examined prepuce skin parts obtained with circumcision, showed that the frequency of BXO in patients under the age of five years is 19.3% (12). By reviewing literature on the basis of a lower incidence of BXO in our study, in which only 17 out of 48 (35.42%) prepuce skin parts were examined histologically, the question arrises about the necessity of routine sending of prepuce skin on histopathologic analysis after circumcision.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Frequency of balanitis xerotica obliterans among boys with phimosis

2018

Medicinski podmladak

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Introduction: Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, that represents genital form of lichen sclerosus. Disease is located on foreskin, glans of penis and on urethra. It was discovered that BXO is common cause of phimosis. There is evidence of connections between balanitis xerotica obliterans and appearance of squamous cell carcinoma. The diagnosis of the disease can be clinical and pathohistological. Therapy can be conservative and surgical. The Aim: Determining the frequency of BXO among the boys with phimosis in the light of increasing number of evidence about importance of this clinical entity in development of many complications of urogenital system. Material and methods: Our research contained 470 male patients aged from 1 to 18 years. All the patients who were included in the study were surgically treated in period from 1. January 2014. till 1. January 2017. in University Children's Hospital and all of them had diagnosed phimosis. All the patients underwent circumcision. Foreskins that were suspicious of BXO diagnosis, but could not be diagnosed clinically, were sent to pathohistological analysis. Statistical methods used for measuring central tendency and for determining frequency of BXO were methods of descriptive statistics, or frequency analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program. Results: Patients with phimosis were in average age of 9.12 ± 4.46 (1-18) years. After data analysis, it was established that in the group of 470 patients there are 48 with BXO diagnosis (10.21%). Patients with BXO were in average age of 10.33 ± 3.14 (6-18) years. Conclusion: Our research has shown that the frequency of BXO among boys with phimosis population is coherent with results of other studies. We concluded that pathohistological analisys of the foreskin is necessary to avoid false negative results after clinical examination.

“…Our study included patients aged one to 18 years, but in the group of patients with BXO there was no patient younger than six years old. This result does not correspond with the results of research conducted by Jayakuma et al The study in which they histologically examined prepuce skin parts obtained with circumcision, showed that the frequency of BXO in patients under the age of five years is 19.3% (12). By reviewing literature on the basis of a lower incidence of BXO in our study, in which only 17 out of 48 (35.42%) prepuce skin parts were examined histologically, the question arrises about the necessity of routine sending of prepuce skin on histopathologic analysis after circumcision.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Frequency of balanitis xerotica obliterans among boys with phimosis

2018

Medicinski podmladak

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Introduction: Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, that represents genital form of lichen sclerosus. Disease is located on foreskin, glans of penis and on urethra. It was discovered that BXO is common cause of phimosis. There is evidence of connections between balanitis xerotica obliterans and appearance of squamous cell carcinoma. The diagnosis of the disease can be clinical and pathohistological. Therapy can be conservative and surgical. The Aim: Determining the frequency of BXO among the boys with phimosis in the light of increasing number of evidence about importance of this clinical entity in development of many complications of urogenital system. Material and methods: Our research contained 470 male patients aged from 1 to 18 years. All the patients who were included in the study were surgically treated in period from 1. January 2014. till 1. January 2017. in University Children's Hospital and all of them had diagnosed phimosis. All the patients underwent circumcision. Foreskins that were suspicious of BXO diagnosis, but could not be diagnosed clinically, were sent to pathohistological analysis. Statistical methods used for measuring central tendency and for determining frequency of BXO were methods of descriptive statistics, or frequency analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program. Results: Patients with phimosis were in average age of 9.12 ± 4.46 (1-18) years. After data analysis, it was established that in the group of 470 patients there are 48 with BXO diagnosis (10.21%). Patients with BXO were in average age of 10.33 ± 3.14 (6-18) years. Conclusion: Our research has shown that the frequency of BXO among boys with phimosis population is coherent with results of other studies. We concluded that pathohistological analisys of the foreskin is necessary to avoid false negative results after clinical examination.

“…Because BXO had been regarded as an adult disease for a long time, current literature differs from older literature regarding the incidence of BXO in children [7]. Recently, researchers have indicated that BXO may be an etiological factor for up to 20% of phimosis cases in boys [8,9,10]. This new data indicates a significantly higher incidence of BXO than that previously reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Incidence of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans in Boys Younger than 10 Years Presenting with Phimosis

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Objective: Evaluation of the true incidence of balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) among boys younger than 10 years. Methods: In a period of 13 months, 75 boys younger than 10 years were treated for phimosis. Suspicion of BXO was raised in phimosis grade 2 or 3 (classification by Kikiros). Patients were offered primarily either circumcision or conservative therapy and circumcision secondarily (if treatment failed in the conservative group). Each circumcision specimen was examined histopathologically. Results: Circumcision was primarily performed in 29 and secondarily in 17 patients. The mean age was 3.7 years (range 1-10). BXO, chronic inflammation, and normal histological results were found in 8/26/12 (17.4/56.5/26.1%) cases, respectively. The mean follow-up was 8.1 months. No recurrences were reported. Conclusions: The incidence of BXO appears to be higher than previously reported. The clinical appearance in children may be confusing. The preoperative BXO suspicion did not correlate with the final histopathological results.

“…Newly published data has shown a higher incidence than was previously reported in VOLUME 52 __ FEBRUARY 15, 2015 CASE REPORTS children under the age of 5, if the diagnosis is based on histopathological examination at the time of circumcision [9]. Our histopathological examination was able to exclude BXO as a possible cause for phimosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Preputial calculus in a neurologically-impaired child

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2015

Indian Pediatr

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Background: Preputial calculi are rarely encountered in childhood.Case characteristics: A 5-year-old boy with symptoms of chronic balanoposthitis. Observation: A preputial stone was documented and removed at circumcision. Outcome: Uneventful postoperative recovery. Message: In children, association between phimosis and neurologic impairment represent predisposing condition for preputial stone formation.

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