Balanoglossites-burrowed firmgrounds – The most common ichnofabric on earth?

Knaust, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103747

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…While the uppermost Devět Křížů Sandstone, which is highly bioturbated with trace fossils and root casts, is traditionally included in the Triassic Bohdašín Formation, it is much more similar to the overlying marine upper Cenomanian Peruc-Koryčany Formation (Tables 1 and 2). The association of biogenic structures produced by marine invertebrate tracemakers and continental plants (rhizoliths, root casts) made this locality unique in the fossil record, and has been widely cited as such (e.g., Bengtson et al 2021;Knaust 2021a;Bertling et al 2022). We propose and document a spit bar setting as a possible depositional environment for the uppermost Devět Křížů Sandstone based on sedimentological and ichnological records, and suggest that it was deposited in the middle/late Cenomanian rather than in the Triassic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Spit bar deposits from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) transgressive sequence in NE Bohemia (Czechia)

Chrząstek,

Wojewoda

2024

Acta Geologica Polonica

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We propose a spit bar setting as the possible palaeoenvironment of the basal Late Cretaceous transgressive sequence in NW Bohemia. A new Cenomanian transgression model for the Bohemian Basin is also proposed. The uppermost Devět Křížů Sandstone, which has been conventionally referred to the Bohdašín Formation, probably represents the middle or lower upper Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous), not the Triassic as previously supposed. We assume that this controversial unit was deposited before the main latest Cenomanian–early Turonian transgression. The spit bars were likely overgrown by vascular plants during their emergence in the late Cenomanian, and then inundated during the latest Cenomanian and early Turonian transgressive phases. The studied deposits had been intensively bioturbated, and the cf. Taenidium suite was recognized for the first time in them alongside the Thalassinoides assemblage (T. paradoxicus, T. suevicus, Thalassinoides isp., cf. Thalassinoides), which are characteristic of the Scoyenia and Glossifungites ichnofacies, respectively. The bioturbated, rhizolith-bearing horizon was presumably a paleosol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Spit bar deposits from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) transgressive sequence in NE Bohemia (Czechia)

Chrząstek,

Wojewoda

2024

Acta Geologica Polonica

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“…(Knaust & Dronov 2013). Despite some similarities, Balanoglossites vertical and horizontal tunnel sizes vary within a single gallery system (Knaust 2008(Knaust , 2021, which is different from the low bioturbation, network systems found in the Lashkerak Formation.…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 88%

Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow, 1995 from the Middle-Upper Ordovician shallow marine siliciclastics of Iran (Lashkerak Formation)

CARVALHO,

BAYET-GOLL

2023

Comptes Rendus Palevol

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Thalassinoides Ehrenberg, 1944 are relatively common bioturbational structures in carbonate shallow marine successions from the early Paleozoic. Much rarer is the reference to this ichnogenus in siliciclastic formations from the same age. In the Ordovician Lashkerak Formation cropping out at the Central Alborz mountains, Iran, Thalassinoides is a common trace fossil in wave-dominated shoreface complex and prodelta-mouth bar environments of a fluvial-dominated delta. We compare the Middle-to-Upper Ordovician branching networks of the Unit 2 of the Lashkerak Formation with the ichnospecies Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow, 1995 emphasizing the almost entire bedding-parallel orientation, regular branching and lack of constrictions and swellings. The eodiagenetic halos developed from mucus-lining walls, or by change of the original sediment fabric, typical of this and other ichnospecies of Thalassinoides in carbonate settings are not found in sandstones. The almost polygonal mazes from the Lashkerak Formation are also compared with the recently erected Protopaleodictyon aitkeni Morgan, Henderson & Pratt (2019), considered as a giant graphoglyptid in an early evolutionary stage of these forms in shallow marine environments. Both trace fossils are similar in morphology, size, preservation, ichnofacies and interpreted function, thus being P. aitkeni a junior synonym of Thalassinoides horizontalis.

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“…Balanoglossites triadicus includes ‘… predominantly deep U- or Y-shaped tunnel elements’ (Knaust, 2008, p. 355). Balanoglossites is a common constituent of shallow-marine carbonates, ranging throughout the Phanerozoic and occurring globally (Knaust, 2021b). It has often been confused with ichnospecies of Thalassinoides , from which it differs by its very irregular three-dimensional architecture and highly varying burrow diameter, as well as a predominance of U- and Y-shaped elements (Knaust, 2021c, 2024).…”

Section: Systematic Ichnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace fossils from the Maastrichtian chalk of the Isle of Rügen, north-east Germany

Knaust,

Schnick

2024

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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The lower Maastrichtian chalk of the Isle of Rügen was deposited in a pelagic setting in the aphotic zone. Its rich fossil content has attracted research attention for centuries, whereas its ichnological characteristics remain poorly understood, even though horizons with intense bioturbation and occurrences of trace fossils in flint are common. The enhanced colour contrast of smooth chalk faces reveals repeated phases of benthic colonisation; larger burrows are commonly subject to silicification, while flint nodules also can preserve burrows in chalk. A total of 37 ichnogenera, including 47 ichnospecies of bioturbation and bioerosion trace fossils have been recognised; these are here briefly described, in addition to indeterminate material. Many ichnotaxa are recorded for the first time from the Rügen chalk. Bioerosion is restricted mainly to local hardgrounds in the form of biogenic components (such as shells and belemnite guards).

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Balanoglossites-burrowed firmgrounds – The most common ichnofabric on earth?

Cited by 23 publications

References 101 publications

Spit bar deposits from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) transgressive sequence in NE Bohemia (Czechia)

Spit bar deposits from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) transgressive sequence in NE Bohemia (Czechia)

Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow, 1995 from the Middle-Upper Ordovician shallow marine siliciclastics of Iran (Lashkerak Formation)

Trace fossils from the Maastrichtian chalk of the Isle of Rügen, north-east Germany

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