Balkan endemic nephropathy: Role of ochratoxins A through biomarkers

Castegnaro, M.; Canadas, Delphine; Vrabcheva, T.; Petkova-Bocharova, T.; Chernozemsky, I. N.; Pfohl‐Leszkowicz, Annie

doi:10.1002/mnfr.200500182

Cited by 150 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A number of occurrences of acute food-borne illness in India and China involving gastrointestinal symptoms have been attributed to the consumption of DON-contaminated cereals (Luo 1988;Bhat et al 1989). OTA has long been associated with Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), a fatal renal disease with histopathological similarities to OTA-induced nephropathy in swine, and has been associated with the incidence of epithelial tumours of the upper urinary tract (Benford et al 2001;Castegnaro et al 2006). OTA was classified by the IARC as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B carcinogen) (IARC 1993b).…”

Section: Recognized Effects On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of mycotoxins on human health in developing countries

Shephard

2008

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

283

167

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Adverse human health effects from the consumption of mycotoxins have occurred for many centuries. Although mycotoxin contamination of agricultural products still occurs in the developed world, the application of modern agricultural practices and the presence of a legislatively regulated food processing and marketing system have greatly reduced mycotoxin exposure in these populations. At the mycotoxin contamination levels generally found in food products traded in these market economies, adverse human health effects have largely been overcome. However, in the developing world, where climatic and crop storage conditions are frequently conducive to fungal growth and mycotoxin production, much of the population relies on subsistence farming or on unregulated local markets. The extent to which mycotoxins affect human health is difficult to investigate in countries whose health systems lack capacity and in which resources are limited. Aflatoxin B 1 , the toxin on which major resources have been expended, has long been linked to liver cancer, yet its other effects, such as immune suppression and growth faltering previously observed in veterinary studies, are only now being investigated and characterized in human populations. The extent to which factors such as immune suppression contribute to the overall burden of infectious disease is difficult to quantify, but is undoubtedly significant. Thus, food safety remains an important opportunity for addressing current health problems in developing countries.

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Section: Recognized Effects On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of mycotoxins on human health in developing countries

Shephard

2008

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

283

167

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“…In fact OTA has been frequently found in the human blood [20]. The kidney is the main target tissue of OTA toxicity [10,19]. In addition to its nephrotoxic effects, hepato-, terato-and immunotoxic activities of OTA have also been reported [18,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ochratoxin A induces apoptosis in neuronal cells

et al. 2009

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The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA), which is produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium subspecies, is a frequently present contaminant of food and feedstuffs. OTA exhibits a wide range of toxic activities including nephro-and hepatotoxicity. However, little is known regarding potential neurotoxic effects of OTA. In the present study primary neurons as well as SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of OTA (0.1-2.5 lmol/L). OTA treatment resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in both neuronal cell types. Caspase-9 and caspase-3 were activated in response to OTA treatment. Furthermore, caspase inhibitors were effective in partly counteracting OTA induced neurocytotoxicity. OTA induced apoptosis was accompanied by a loss of mitochondria membrane potential. Overall, present data indicated that OTA is neurotoxic at relatively low concentrations. OTA induced neurotoxicity seems to be, at least party, mediated by apoptosis. OTA may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease) in which apoptotic processes are centrally involved.

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“…Although the causative relation is still to be proven, a significantly higher exposure to OTA was proven for inhabitants from endemic regions than control regions [32]. However,further studies are need to better understand the role of ochraotxin A exposure in renal diseases [33,34].…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Mycotoxins On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins and Nuclear Receptors: A Still Underexplored Issue

Dall’Asta¹

2016

Nuclear Receptor Research

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Abstract.Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that can be found in food commodities worldwide. They exert a wide range of adverse effects towards humans and animals. Although toxicological studies have addressed these food contaminants over decades, their mode of actions as well as their synergistic effects are still to be deeply clarified. Among the toxicological targets, nuclear receptors have been identified by several studies. Besides the estrogenic effect, a wider range of endocrine and neuroendocrine disrupting effects have been reported so far. This review is aimed at addressing the recent advances in toxicology, and at highlighting possible gaps of knowledge.

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Balkan endemic nephropathy: Role of ochratoxins A through biomarkers

Cited by 150 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of mycotoxins on human health in developing countries

Impact of mycotoxins on human health in developing countries

Ochratoxin A induces apoptosis in neuronal cells

Mycotoxins and Nuclear Receptors: A Still Underexplored Issue

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