Ballistic ceramics and analysis of their mechanical properties for armour applications: A review

Mechanical characterization of boron carbide single crystals

“…The orientation dependence of indentation modulus and hardness for (A) 2 1 1 16, (B) 3 2 1 2, (C) 3 3 6 4, and (D) 1 4 5 7 boron carbide single crystals A survey of the published literature shows that process modeling of CMCs has been studied by a number of researchers. Processes that have been modeled include RMI, 15,16 CVD, 17,18 CVI, [19][20][21][22] and Sol-Gel Infiltration. 23 Impregnation of alumina matrix in eight-harness satin Nextel 610 fabric has been studied numerically in Ref.…”

“…Despite different strain rates and boundary conditions between quasi‐static and impact conditions, mechanical properties obtained from quasi‐static experiments can be used as a measure of gross impact performance. For example, elastic modulus and hardness are both positively correlated to ballistic performance 15–18 . This can be rationalized because materials with higher stiffness can better resist the large flexural deflections induced by projectile impact 15,17 .…”

“…For example, elastic modulus and hardness are both positively correlated to ballistic performance 15–18 . This can be rationalized because materials with higher stiffness can better resist the large flexural deflections induced by projectile impact 15,17 . Higher hardness could also contribute to increased penetration resistance by plastically deforming, fracturing, and deflecting the projectile 15,17 .…”

“…15,17 Higher hardness could also contribute to increased penetration resistance by plastically deforming, fracturing, and deflecting the projectile. 15,17 Quasi-plastic deformation is also believed to be an important factor affecting the impact performance of ceramics. 16,18 Unlike conventional tensile or compression testing, during nanoindentation the hydrostatic constraint imposed by the indenter delays fracture and catastrophic failure, thereby allowing for investigations of both the elastic and quasi-plastic responses of the crystals.…”

“…[15][16][17][18] This can be rationalized because materials with higher stiffness can better resist the large flexural deflections induced by projectile impact. 15,17 Higher hardness could also contribute to increased penetration resistance by plastically deforming, fracturing, and deflecting the projectile. 15,17 Quasi-plastic deformation is also believed to be an important factor affecting the impact performance of ceramics.…”