Balloon catheter injury to rabbit carotid artery. I. Changes in smooth muscle phenotype.

Manderson, J. A.; Mosse, Peter R. L.; Safstrom, J. A.; Young, Sokphea; Campbell, Gordon

doi:10.1161/01.atv.9.3.289

Cited by 125 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Smooth muscle cells in such lesions, containing large amounts of connective tissue, were ultrastructurally closer to what has been described as contractile-type smooth muscle cells, 59 whereas those in the less fibrotic tissue contained more protein synthetic apparatus. This may be the case if the fibrotic lesion had been formed during an earlier period by synthetic-state cells that subsequently reverted to a contractile state, as discussed by Manderson et al 59 Haust 18 divided advanced lesions (atherosclerotic plaques) in humans into two categories: one consists of atheromatous plaques containing a basocentral atheroma and a fibrous cap, and the other consists of a white or pearty-white fibrous plaque without a basocentral atheroma The two types of fibrous plaques that we observed in the nonhuman primates on the low level hyperchotesterolemic regimen are consistent with those described by Haust in humans. This may be the result of the increased period of time available for lesion formation, connective tissue matrix turnover, and lesion remodeling.…”

Section: Increased Connective Tissue In Advanced Lesionssupporting

confidence: 59%

Atherogenesis during low level hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. II. Fatty streak conversion to fibrous plaque.

1990

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This study focuses on the formation of lesions of atherosclerosis in the aortas and iliac arteries of nonhuman primates (Macaca nemestrtna) maintained on a low level hypercholesterolemlc diet (plasma cholesterol 200 to 400 mg/dl) for 2, 3, or 3.5 years. Advanced lesions, or fibrous plaques, were found In all of the animals. The extent and severity of the lesions were closely related to the level and duration of hypercholesterolemla. The presence of monocyte-macrophages, T-tymphocytes, and smooth muscle cells, and the interactions of those cells that precede fibrous plaque formation In these long-term, relatively low level hypercholesterolemlc monkeys were similar to those observed In previously published studies of high level hypercholesterolemia In nonhuman primates, with one principal difference: the fibrous plaques In the longer-term, low level hypercholesterolemlc animals contained Increased amounts of fibrous connective tissue, more smooth muscle cells, and fewer macrophages. As In the studies with high levels of hypercholesterolemla, fibrous plaques were more frequently observed In the abdominal aorta and lilac arteries than In the thoracic aorta and aortic arch. Fibrous plaques were preferentially located at the branches and bifurcations of the arteries. These anatomic sites were consistent with those that contained fatty streaks and flbrofatty lesions In the animals fed the diet for shorter periods of time. These data are compatible with the proposal that many of the fatty streaks are converted to flbrofatty lesions, some of which ultimately become converted to fibrous plaques. (Arteriosclerosis 10:178-187, March/April 1990) I n the first article in this series, 1 we described the cellular interactions that precede and are responsible for the formation of the fatty streak in nonhuman primates maintained on low level hypercholesteroiemic diets. Deposition of lipld in the artery wall, adhesion of circulating leukocytes to endothelium, and subsequent entry of the leukocytes into the artery wall are the initial events observed during cholesterol feeding. In our studies, many of the monocytes that enter and localize within the arterial intima became lipld-tllled macrophages and formed the earliest fatty streaks. Small numbers of T-rymphocytes, principally CD8-posrtive cells with a few CD4-positive cells, were components of all of the fatty streaks. As the lesions progressed, the surfaces of the fatty streaks became increasingly irregular, and endothelial detachment and remodeling occurred, often resulting in exposure of the foam cells to the lumen. Platelet microthrombi were frequently observed attached to the surfaces of the exposed macrophages. In this part of the report, we present the observations made during low level hypercholesterolemia in monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) maintained in this state for 2 to 3.5 years. We will focus on the cellular interactions and the changes that occurred during the progression of the fatty streaks to form fibrous plaques. The chronologic changes in the cellular components o...

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Section: Increased Connective Tissue In Advanced Lesionssupporting

confidence: 59%

Atherogenesis during low level hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. II. Fatty streak conversion to fibrous plaque.

1990

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“…8 -12 These cells are thought to undergo phenotypic modulation to switch from a quiescent contractile stage to a secretory phenotype, specialized in proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion. 12,17,18,41,42 An alternative hypothesis is that the arterial media is composed of multiple cell types and a specific population of cells is responsible for neointima formation. 33,43,44 Cells recovered at the surface of the embolic agent in this model are ␣-actin-positive smooth muscle-like cells that present in vitro characteristics identical to carotid medial smooth muscle cells.…”

Section: Neointimal Cells and Gfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Factors Stimulate Neointimal Cells In Vitro and Increase the Thickness of the Neointima Formed at the Neck of Porcine Aneurysms Treated by Embolization

Desfaits

Raymond

Muizelaar³

2000

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Growth factors (GFs) may favor the healing of aneurysms treated with endovascular techniques by stimulating neointima formation. Methods-Bilateral carotid aneurysms were constructed with venous pouches in 50 pigs and embolized intraoperatively with collagen sponges with and without GFs (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] 0.15 or 1.5 g or transforming growth factor-␤ 1 [TGF-␤ 1 ] 60 or 600 ng) in each animal. DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and collagen secretion assays were performed to assess the in vitro effects of GFs on neointimal cells harvested from the treated aneurysms. 125 I-PDGF-BB was used to study in vivo GF release from sponges. The thickness of the neointima at the surface of the sponges was measured 2 weeks after surgery. Since porcine aneurysms tend to heal after collagen sponge embolization, this experiment was repeated in dogs, which have shown a propensity for recurrence with the same technique, with 600 ng TGF-␤ 1 or platelet extracts. Results-PDGF-BB stimulated DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, while TGF-␤ 1 strongly increased collagen synthesis of neointimal cells in vitro. Clearance of 125 I-PDGF-BB from the sponges followed a biphasic curve, with 1.5% of exogenous PDGF-BB remaining at 1 week. The local delivery of PDGF-BB (0.15 or 1.5 g) and TGF-␤ 1 (600 ng) significantly increased neointimal thickness at the neck of porcine aneurysms, while 60 ng of TGF-␤ 1 had no demonstrable effect. TGF-␤ 1 (600 ng) or platelet extracts had no influence on canine aneurysms. Conclusions-PDGF-BB

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“…The contralateral carotid is widely used as control in animal models of vascular injury or occlusive diseases (Manderson et al, 1989;Lippolis et al, 2003;Popolo et al, 2005). However, Milner et al (1997) reported that the carotid injury triggers compensatory mechanisms in arteries located distant from the site of injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and total stenosis triggers differential responses of carotid and basilar arteries to endothelin-1 and phenylephrine

Andrade

Corrêa

Oliveira

2009

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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Our aim was to investigate the effects of ageing on the vascular contractility of carotid and basilar arteries from guinea-pigs, in a model of total stenosis. Moreover, we attempted to identify whether total stenosis of the left common carotid (stenosed) in adult guinea-pigs, would affect the contractions of contralateral carotid (intact) and basilar arteries to different vasoconstrictors. With this purpose, the left carotid was occluded with a silk thread at a position close to its origin. Vascular reactivity experiments using standard muscle bath were performed 7, 15, 30, and 90 days after carotid occlusion. Reactivity of carotid and basilar arteries to endothelin-1, phenylephrine and KCl was reduced with ageing in naive guinea-pigs. The endothelin-1 and KCl-induced contractions were unaltered in arteries from SHAM-operated animals. Moreover, phenylephrine-induced contractions were reduced in both carotids from 7 days SHAM-operated guinea-pigs, when compared to naive group. Stenosis induced progressive reduction in the contraction induced by endothelin-1, phenylephrine and KCl in the stenosed carotid, when compared to their respective age-matched naive and SHAM groups. Interestingly, an increased contractile-response to vasoconstrictor agents in all the contralateral carotids was observed. Stenosis (30 and 90 days) also induced an increase in the contractions induced by endothelin-1 in the basilar artery. Conversely, phenylephrine and KCl-induced contractions were reduced in basilar arteries 7, 15, 30 and 90 days after stenosis. These results showed that stenosis in adult guinea-pigs induce alterations of vascular reactivity in arteries distant from the site of injury. Thus, in spite of the common use of contralateral carotid as control, it must be aware of the potential alteration induced by stenosis in the vascular motility of such vessels. Additionally, it was verified a relationship between the period of stenosis and the alterations in the vascular reactivity to these vasoconstrictors.

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Balloon catheter injury to rabbit carotid artery. I. Changes in smooth muscle phenotype.

Cited by 125 publications

References 20 publications

Atherogenesis during low level hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. II. Fatty streak conversion to fibrous plaque.

Atherogenesis during low level hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate. II. Fatty streak conversion to fibrous plaque.

Growth Factors Stimulate Neointimal Cells In Vitro and Increase the Thickness of the Neointima Formed at the Neck of Porcine Aneurysms Treated by Embolization

Aging and total stenosis triggers differential responses of carotid and basilar arteries to endothelin-1 and phenylephrine

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