Bamboo: An Alternative Raw Material for Wood and Wood-Based Composites

Abstract

Bamboo is the most important non-wood species which is abundantly grows in most of the tropical and subtropical zone. It has developed as a specially valuable and superior alternate for wood composite manufactured, such as for pulp and paper, stripboards, matboards, veneer, plywood, particleboard and fiberboard. Moreover, several researches have used it as raw material for structural composites such as Oriented Strand Board (OSB), Glue Laminated Timber (GLT), Parallel Strip Lumber (PSL) and Oriented Strand Lumber (OSL). Nowadays, there are many kinds of bamboo composite are produced and traded in the world. However, there are several differences between bamboo and wood for example macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties. For this reason, the methods, technology and equipment for wood processing cannot be directly applied in bamboo utilization. Further research is noticeably required on the information on bamboo properties, cost-effective technologies and managements. With modern techniques and adapted technologies, bamboo can be processed into a wide range of products which successfully compete with wood and other raw materials in the future

Prospect of bamboo as a renewable textile fiber, historical overview, labeling, controversies and regulation

“…The culm is the most distinguishable upper ground part in the plant, may be arching or erect semiscandent or scandent (Seethalakshmi et al 1998), characterized as a hollow cylindrical tube divided by nodes and internodes (Chaowana 2013;Liese and Tang 2015). The culm is complimented by the branching system which is more informative at mid position of the culm than the lower culm body (Das et al 2008).…”

An Extended Endochronic Theory Formulation of Plastically Deformed Damaged Indian Bamboo under Uniaxial Compression

“…It has been shown that bamboo is a superior alternate for manufactured wood composites. It is inexpensive, fast growing, easily available, and having comparable physical and mechanical properties to wood [2]. Bamboo is a composite material with long and parallel cellulose fibers in its structure.…”

“…In the internodes, the cells are strongly oriented axially with no radial cell elements; therefore the transversal interconnection is provided only by the nodes. The bamboo culm is made up of tiny countless fibers known as cellulose embedded in a lignin matrix [2,4]. The cellulose fibers run the length of the culm, carrying nutrients between the roots and the leaves [5].…”

“…The stress in the elastic plastic solid under uniaxial compression can be determined by using the convolution integral found in equation (2)[Han-Chin Wu (2005) and Watanabe]:…”

4-Methylcatechol-treated Jute-Bamboo Hybrid Composites: Effects of pH on Thermo-Mechanical and Morphological Properties

“…The Asian and Oceanian regions are the highest producers of bamboo, with a combined 65% of the total bamboo resource worldwide. This region also includes 80% of the bamboo species in the world (Bystriakova et al 2003;Chaowana 2013). Bamboo fibers have been widely used in the papermaking, textile, construction, and composite manufacturing industries.…”