Let E and G be two Banach function spaces, let T ∈ L(E, Y), and let X, Y be a Banach dual pair. In this paper we give conditions for which there exists a (necessarily unique) bounded linear operator T Y ∈ L(E(Y), G(Y)) with the property thatThe first main result states that, in case X, Y = Y * , Y with Y a reflexive Banach space, for the existence of T Y it sufficient that T is dominated by a positive operator. We furthermore show that for Y within a wide class of Banach spaces (including the Banach lattices) the validity of this extension result for E = ℓ ∞ and G = even characterizes the reflexivity of Y.The second main result concerns the case that T is an adjoint operator on L ∞ (A): we assume that E = L ∞ (A) for a semi-finite measure space (A, A , µ), that F, G is a Köthe dual pair, and that T is σ(L ∞ (A), L 1 (A))-to-σ(G, F) continuous. In this situation we show that T Y also exists provided that T is dominated by a positive operator. As an application of this result we consider conditional expectation on Banach space-valued L ∞ -spaces.1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 46E40; Secondary 46E30, 46B10.