Banana pseudo-stem biochar derived from slow and fast pyrolysis process

Abdullah, Nurhayati; Taib, Rahmad Mohd; Aziz, Nur Syairah Mohamad; Omar, Muhammad Rabie; Disa, Nurhafizah

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12940

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The peaks at 2933 and 2906 are attributed to C–H stretching vibrations . The peaks observed at 1612 and 1606 correspond to CC stretching vibration showing the presence of alkenes . The peaks at 1315 and 1317 cm –1 in BLS and NBLS biochar are linked to C–H bending, attributed to the presence of alkanes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“… 36 The peaks observed at 1612 and 1606 correspond to C=C stretching vibration showing the presence of alkenes. 37 The peaks at 1315 and 1317 cm –1 in BLS and NBLS biochar are linked to C–H bending, attributed to the presence of alkanes. The spectra of both BLS and NBLS biochar also demonstrate the existence of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, esters, and phenols attributed to the peaks between 1300 and 950 cm –1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agricultural Waste-Derived Biochar-Based Nitrogenous Fertilizer for Slow-Release Applications

Ramesh,

Raghavan

2024

ACS Omega

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The exponential increase in population demands more food to be produced by employing modern technologies. There is a worldwide increase in the use of chemical fertilizers to rapidly enhance the crop yield. Nitrogen is a crucial plant nutrient, and nitrogenous fertilizers are the most widely used fertilizers. However, the high solubility and volatility of commonly used nitrogenous fertilizers have led to low nutrient use efficiency and alarming environmental pollution. They are lost due to the volatilization of ammonia and leaching of nitrate and release of nitrous oxide, and thus, plants only absorb approximately 20−30% of the nitrogen present in fertilizers. Slow-release fertilizers have been designed to overcome these issues and supply nutrients gradually and sustainably. Biochar, a solid material rich in carbon derived from biomass, can reduce nutrient loss in soil and extend the effectiveness of fertilizers in promoting plant uptake. In the present study, a slow-release nitrogenous fertilizer is prepared using biochar obtained by pyrolysis of a banana leaf sheath (BLS) at 500 °C for 3 h. The BLS biochar and nutrient-loaded BLS (NBLS) biochar exhibited significant water absorbance capacity, water retention capacity, swelling ratio, and equilibrium water content, which would support the maintenance of water levels in soils. The lower salt index values of the prepared fertilizer showed its potential to be used as a sustainable and clean fertilizer. The prepared BLS and NBLS biochar were also characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Brunauer− Emmett−Teller (BET) methods. The FT-IR spectra of both BLS and NBLS biochar demonstrate the existence of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, esters, and phenols. The peak at 1423 cm −1 in NBLS biochar corresponds to the vibration of NH 4+ confirming nutrient loading. A minor phase change was noticed in the intensities of NBLS biochar, which may be attributed to the absorption of nutrients into the structure of biochar. TGA analysis confirmed the stability of BLS and NBLS Biochar. SEM analysis demonstrates a highly porous structure of the biochar samples due to the release of volatile matter from the biomass. The BET-specific surface area of BLS and NBLS biochar was 43.216 and 35.014 m 2 /g, respectively. Nutrient release studies showed an incremental increase in the nitrogen release percentage over a period of 16 h. The gradual supply of nitrogen to the plants over an extended period demonstrated by the prepared slow-release fertilizer confirms its potential to reduce the leaching loss commonly observed in conventional chemical fertilizers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Waste-Derived Biochar-Based Nitrogenous Fertilizer for Slow-Release Applications

Ramesh,

Raghavan

2024

ACS Omega

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“…Furthermore, the degradation processes of biochar through biochar heating before adsorption (03 phases) was less than that of biochar after adsorption (over 4 phases). In a comparison to banana biochar, Abdullah et al (2023) revealed that the degradation phases of the feedstocks involving hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin components occurred at temperature ranges of 170-300°C, 300-360°C, and 170-560°C, respectively. These degradations could lead to the presence of aromatic-containing sheet-like structures in the biochar (Subratti et al 2021).…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic studies of the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by biochar derived from jackfruit peel

Ton-That,

Huynh,

Duong

et al. 2023

Environ Monit Assess

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Kinetic studies play an instrumental role in determining the most appropriate reaction rate model for industrial-scale applications. This study focuses on the kinetics methylene blue (MB) adsorption from aqueous solutions by biochar derived from jackfruit peel. Various kinetic models, including pseudo-rstorder (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), intra-diffusion, and Elovich models, were applied to study MB adsorption kinetics of jackfruit peel biochar. The experiments were performed with two initial concentrations of MB (24.23 mg/L and 41.42 mg/L) over a span of 240 min. Our ndings emphasized that the Elovich model provided the best t of the experimental data for MB adsorption. When compared to other materials, biochar from jackfruit peel emerges as an eco-friendly adsorbent for dye decolorization, with potential applications in the treatment of environmental pollution.

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“…Banana is the fourth most grown food crop around the world after rice, wheat, and corn [1]. In 2020, the global cultivation of bananas was up to 5.2 million hectares and the estimated production exceeded approximately 119 million tons [2]. Meanwhile, it was estimated that nearly 3 tons of residues such as banana pseudo-stem and leaf would be generated for each ton of banana fruit [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Roles of Surface Functional Groups and Micropores in the Sorption of Ofloxacin on Banana Pseudo-Stem Biochars

Wang,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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In the present study, banana pseudo-stem (BS) was pyrolyzed under anaerobic conditions without any physical or chemical modification. Their properties, as well as their sorption affinity to ofloxacin (OFL), were studied. As a result, oxalates and KCl formed at a relatively low temperature of 300 °C, while bicarbonates generally formed at a pyrolysis temperature above 400 °C. Surface functional groups of BS biochars facilitated OFL sorption mainly via specific interactions including electronic attraction (EA), π–π electron donor–acceptor (π–π EDA) interaction, the ordinary hydrogen bond (OHB), and the negative charge-assisted hydrogen bond ((−)CAHB). Except for (−)CAHB, these interactions all decreased with an elevated pH, resulting in overall decreased OFL sorption. Significant OFL sorption by BS biochars produced at 300 °C, observed even at an alkaline condition was attributed to (−)CAHB. Micropores formed in BS biochar prepared at 500 °C, with a specific surface area as high as 390 m2 g−1 after water washing treatment. However, most micropores could not be accessed by OFL molecules due to the size exclusion effect. Additionally, the inherent K-containing salts may hinder OFL sorption by covering the sorption sites or blocking the inner pores of biochars, as well as releasing OH− into the solution. Thus, BS biochar produced at 300 °C is an excellent sorbent for OFL removal due to its high sorption ability and low energy. Our findings indicate that biochar techniques have potential win–win effects in recycling banana waste with low energy and costs, and simultaneously converting them into promising sorbents for the removal of environmental contaminants.

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Banana pseudo-stem biochar derived from slow and fast pyrolysis process

Cited by 45 publications

References 72 publications

Agricultural Waste-Derived Biochar-Based Nitrogenous Fertilizer for Slow-Release Applications

Agricultural Waste-Derived Biochar-Based Nitrogenous Fertilizer for Slow-Release Applications

Kinetic studies of the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by biochar derived from jackfruit peel

Insights into the Roles of Surface Functional Groups and Micropores in the Sorption of Ofloxacin on Banana Pseudo-Stem Biochars

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