Bandgap photoluminescence of semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes

Lauret, Jean‐sébastien; Voisin, Christophe; Cassabois, Guillaume; Roussignol, Philippe; Delalande, Claude; Filoramo, Arianna; Capes, Laurence; Valentín, Emmanuel; Jost, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.physe.2003.11.182

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These observations differ significantly from what is observed on other 1D carbon nanostructures. For instance, single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) emission shows almost no Stokes shift and the linewidth of a single chirality is of the order of 25 nm (∼25 meV) [27][28][29]. Likewise, conjugated polymers show intrinsic fluorescence with a small Stokes shift and a mono-exponential decay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence from graphene nanoribbons of well-defined structure

Zhao

Rondin

Delport

et al. 2017

Carbon

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Graphene nanoribbons synthesized by the bottom-up approach with optical energy gaps in the visible are investigated by means of optical spectroscopy. The optical absorption and fluorescence spectra of two graphene nanoribbons with different structures are reported as well as the life-time of the excited states. The possibility of the formation of excimer states in stacks of individual graphene nanoribbons is discussed in order to interpret the broad and highly Stokes-shifted luminescence lines observed on both structures. Finally, combined atomic force microscopy and confocal fluorescence measurements have been performed on small aggregates, showing the ability of graphene nanoribbons to emit light in the solid state. These observations open interesting perspectives for the use of graphene nanoribbons as near-infrared emitters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence from graphene nanoribbons of well-defined structure

Zhao

Rondin

Delport

et al. 2017

Carbon

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“…SWCNTs exhibit both metallic and semiconducting characteristics, which strongly depend on their (n, m) chiral indexes and diameters. [86,87] While these materials are notably difficult to sort (metallic, semiconducing, diameter, chirality, etc.) and to process at large scale, [88,89] they have attracted tremendous attention due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties.…”

Section: Wwwadvopticalmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Limits of Visibly Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Yang

Lunt

2017

Advanced Optical Materials

113

100

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surfaces into energy harvesting resources. This new approach to visibly transparent LSCs was developed by exploiting the nature of excitonic semiconductors to optimize the use of this light-exposed surface area without compromising its existing functionality, thereby avoiding the aesthetic tradeoffs that can hinder adoption. Recent work has demonstrated devices that selectively harvest different parts of the solar spectrum including i) ultraviolet (UV) absorption, with massive downconverted luminescence deeper into the NIR (>400 nm) [4] and ii) near-infrared (NIR) absorption, with even deeper luminescence in the NIR. [3] This work has been subsequently followed by a number of other groups. [8][9][10][11][12] In contrast to transparent photovoltaics, which have also been developed to exploit this untapped area, [13][14][15] this new concentrator approach offers an alternative pathway whereby energy is transported optically, offering a simple route to large-area manufacturing, high defect tolerance, angle independent performance, and low-level energy cost. In this progress report we discuss the theoretical limits of transparent LSCs, idealized configurations, scalability, and properties of enabling materials. Operating Principles of LSCsLuminescent solar concentrators operate based on the following mechanisms (see Figure 1a): a portion of solar spectrum is absorbed in a luminescent dye (or "luminophore") [16] embedded in a transparent waveguide. That absorbed solar energy is then re-emitted at another wavelength isotropically in all directions within the waveguide, provided the oscillators are not preferentially oriented. Due to the index of refraction difference between the waveguide and the ambient environment the re-emitted photons are predominately trapped by total internal reflection, causing them to be directed towards the waveguide edges where they can be converted to electrical power in an edge mounted photovoltaic cell. The overall system power conversion efficiency, η LSC , is then given by:where η Opt is the optical efficiency (number of photons reaching the waveguide edge)/(number of photons incident on the waveguide), R is the front face reflection, η Abs is the solar spectrum Visibly transparent solar harvesting surfaces are an exciting new approach to harvesting solar energy around buildings and mobile electronics to improve their efficiency and autonomy without impacting their appearance. The recent demonstration of ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) selective light harvesters have enabled transparent luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) that boast unparalleled scalability, flexibility, aesthetic quality, and affordability. Consequently, the question of the efficiency limits has emerged in these new systems. In this perspective, the theoretical efficiency limits of these concentrator systems are reviewed and practical considerations are outlined to approach these limits. For UV and UV/NIR selective harvesting single-junction transparent LSCs are constrained thermodynamically to 21%, which i...

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“…Interestingly, the PL emission energy (i.e. the excitonic recombination energy) strongly depends on the tube diameter and can be easily tuned in the telecommunication bands at 0.83 eV (1.5µm) by choosing SWNTs with a diameter of about 1-1.2 nm [10]. SWNTs could therefore make up a very versatile light source for quantum optics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These nanotubes result from a high-temperature growth process and are wellknown for having a higher crystalline quality. With a mean diameter of the order of 1.1 nm, they typically emit in the telecommunication band at about 1.5 µm [10]. Our sample is obtained by spinning the solutionprocessed SWNTs on the flat surface of a solid immersion lens coated with poly-lysine, following the previously reported procedure [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong reduction of exciton-phonon coupling in single-wall carbon nanotubes of high crystalline quality: Insight into broadening mechanisms and exciton localization

et al. 2015

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Carbon nanotubes are quantum sources whose emission can be tuned at telecommunication wavelengths by choosing the diameter appropriately. Most applications require the smallest possible linewidth. Therefore, the study of the underlying dephasing mechanisms is of utmost interest. Here, we report on the low-temperature photoluminescence of high crystalline quality individual single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesized by laser ablation (L-SWNTs) and emitting at telecommunication wavelengths. A thorough statistical analysis of their emission spectra reveals a typical linewidth one order of magnitude narrower than that of most samples reported in the literature. The narrowing of the PL line of L-SWNTs is due to a weaker effective exciton-phonon coupling subsequent to a weaker localization of the exciton. These results suggest that exciton localization in SWNTs not only arises from interfacial effects, but that the intrinsic crystalline quality of the SWNT plays an important role.Photoluminescence (PL) emission in semiconducting carbon nanotubes arises from exciton recombination [1][2][3] and has been extensively studied in view of possible applications in opto-electronics, bio-imaging or photovoltaics [4][5][6][7]. Observation of photon antibunching in the near infrared [8,9] suggests that SWNTs are also promising single-photon sources for the implementation of quantum information protocols. Interestingly, the PL emission energy (i.e. the excitonic recombination energy) strongly depends on the tube diameter and can be easily tuned in the telecommunication bands at 0.83 eV (1.5µm) by choosing SWNTs with a diameter of about 1-1.2 nm [10]. SWNTs could therefore make up a very versatile light source for quantum optics. Several studies suggested that the optical properties of SWNTs at low temperature are best described in terms of localized excitons (zero-dimensional confinement), leading to a quantum dot like behavior [11,12]. Nevertheless, the nature of the traps responsible for this exciton localization is not elucidated yet. In order to address the issue of exciton localization, we studied carbon nanotubes produced by high-temperature synthesis methods such as electric arc or laser ablation methods, which are known for their higher crystalline quality, with a lower density of defects [13][14][15][16][17].In addition to the large Coulomb interaction responsible for the huge exciton binding energy in SWNTs, many other effects -both intrinsic (exciton -phonon coupling [11,18,19] In this work, we study the low-temperature (10 K) PL emission from surfactant dispersed laser ablation carbon nanotubes (L-SWNTs) [27,28]. These nanotubes result from a high-temperature growth process and are wellknown for having a higher crystalline quality. With a mean diameter of the order of 1.1 nm, they typically emit in the telecommunication band at about 1.5 µm [10]. Our sample is obtained by spinning the solutionprocessed SWNTs on the flat surface of a solid immersion lens coated with poly-lysine, following the previously reported procedure...

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Bandgap photoluminescence of semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Fluorescence from graphene nanoribbons of well-defined structure

Fluorescence from graphene nanoribbons of well-defined structure

Limits of Visibly Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Strong reduction of exciton-phonon coupling in single-wall carbon nanotubes of high crystalline quality: Insight into broadening mechanisms and exciton localization

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