Bank Voles in Southern Eurasia: Vicariance and Adaptation

Abstract

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media New York. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".Abstract Phylogeographic lineages are interpreted as the product of repeated isolation in glacial refugia, leading to vicariant differentiation. Being restricted to a given geographic area could also promote adaptive divergence in response to local conditions. The role of phylogeny and climate in the evolution of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) was investigated here, focusing on molar tooth shape, a morphological feature related to the exploitation of food resources. A balanced role of phylogeny and climate was demonstrated. Response to environmental factors led to morphological convergence of bank voles from different lineages living in similar environments, and to within-lineage divergence in extreme environments. An important interaction of climate and phylogeny was found, suggesting that each lineage is living in a particular environment. This lineage-specific adaptation to a range of environmental conditions may have conditioned the potential of post-glacial recolonization of each lineage. Morphological covariation with environmental conditions further highlights the potential of adaptation of this species.

Testing the occurrence of convergence in the craniomandibular shape evolution of living carnivorans*

“…This is coherent with previous micro‐ and macroevolutonary studies in mammals (e.g., convergence between ecologically equivalent bank voles in Southern Eurasia—Ledevin et al. 2018 ; convergence between Afrotheria and Laurasiatheria—Gheerbrant et al. 2016 ).…”

Back to the wild: does feralization affect the mandible of non-commensal house mice (Mus musculus domesticus)?

“…Phylogeny and climate almost equally explained the mandibular shape variation (around 5%). In contrast, phylogeny was the first explanatory factor when considering molar evolution among house mouse populations including insular ones (Ledevin et al, 2016) and in other rodents (Caumul & Polly, 2005;Ledevin et al, 2018). The importance of climate in the present dataset may be due to a more important influence of environmental factors on the mandible, which can remodel through life and is more prone to vary due to local food resources, compared to teeth that are only affected by wear once erupted (Renaud & Auffray, 2010;Ledevin et al, 2012).…”

What biological evolution teaches about sustainable engineering innovation

“…Analogous with the loss of diversity as the result of migration facilitated by connections between previously isolated areas (Ledevin et al, 2016), the free movement of engineering results in a loss of diversity in engineering. This in turn narrows the foundation for innovation.…”

“…South American marsupials only thrived as long as the Isthmus of Panama did not exist. Geographical isolation is an engine of biological diversity (Ledevin et al, 2016). As soon as the Isthmus emerged, many South American species of marsupials faced extinction.…”