Banker plants promote functional biodiversity and decrease populations of the cabbage whitefly <i>Aleyrodes proletella</i>

Laurenz, Sebastian; Meyhöfer, Rainer

doi:10.1111/jen.12831

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The parasitoid E. tricolor but also spiders are next to hoverfly larvae among the most important natural enemies of A. proletella [ 15 ]. An improvement of resilience of E. tricolor by annual banker plants has already been shown to increase parasitism rates and decrease A. proletella populations on cabbage [ 20 ]. More research is needed to investigate the impact of a permanent increase in local natural enemy abundance by G. urbanum in field margins on A. proletella populations on adjacent cabbage crops.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…None of the investigated plant species served as a host plant for A. proletella . This whitefly pest might be able to survive and successfully reproduce to a certain extent, if caged onto these plants in the laboratory [ 20 ]. However, no adult A. proletella was observed on any plant species at any location and at any assessment date in the present field study, although cabbage plants with A. proletella populations were present in about 50 m distance to the experimental plots at both locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental plants, i.e., European columbine Aquilegia vulgaris (Ranunculaceae), peach-leaved bellflower Campanula persicifolia (Campanulaceae), wild strawberry Fragaria vesca and wood avens Geum urbanum (both Rosaceae), were selected based on the survival, development, and reproduction of A. lonicerae , A. proletella and their common parasitoid E. tricolor in a previous laboratory study [ 20 ]. They were sown from untreated seeds and grown separated by species under four gauze tents (length: 3 m, width: 1.5 m, height: 2 m; 500 plants per tent) in a greenhouse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abundance of alternative whitefly hosts and their host plants in the agricultural landscape might be enhanced temporarily for one growing season. An annual banker plant system comprising Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) as alternative host and E. tricolor on Hokkaido squash was already successfully tested in the field [ 20 ]. The enhanced abundance of alternative whitefly hosts increased hoverfly larvae abundance by 62% and A. proletella parasitism rates by 50% on adjacent cabbage crops, which led to a decrease of A. proletella populations by up to 26%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of Non-Pest Whiteflies and Natural Enemies of the Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella on Perennial Plants for Use in Non-Crop Habitats

Laurenz

Meyhöfer

2021

Insects

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Aleyrodes proletella causes severe economic damage to several Brassica crops. Its naturally occurring enemies often immigrate late in the season or appear in low numbers on cabbage. This field study aims to permanently increase the local abundance of A. proletella’s natural enemies by providing the non-pest whitefly Aleyrodes lonicerae as an alternative and overwintering host/prey. Therefore, the population dynamics of natural enemies on different perennial herbaceous plants pre-infested with A. lonicerae were determined at two field locations over two winter periods. Most A. lonicerae colonized (on average 166.22 puparia per m²) and overwintered (342.19 adults per m²) on wood avens Geum urbanum. Furthermore, the abundance of A. proletella main parasitoid Encarsia tricolor (28.50 parasitized puparia per m²) and spiders (12.13 per m²) was 3–74 times and 3–14 times higher, respectively, on G. urbanum compared to the other experimental plants. Conclusively, G. urbanum pre-infested with A. lonicerae permanently promoted natural enemies of A. proletella by serving as shelter, reproduction, and overwintering habitat. A potential implementation of G. urbanum in conservation biological control strategies (e.g., tailored flower strips, hedgerows) against A. proletella are discussed and suggestions for future research are given.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of Non-Pest Whiteflies and Natural Enemies of the Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella on Perennial Plants for Use in Non-Crop Habitats

Laurenz

Meyhöfer

2021

Insects

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“…By providing shelter and alternative prey / hosts, banker plants can enable the early colonization of adjacent crops by natural enemies (Li et al, 2013) and the establishment of their populations when main prey are scarce (Yano et al 2018). Plant species supporting populations of alternative prey / hosts in the same family or functional group than the main pest species are well suited to be used as banker plants (Laurenz & Meyhofer 2021). For instance, the non-crop oat species Avena sativa supporting populations of the alternative aphid species Metopolophium dirhodum resulted in an increased suppression of the main pest Myzus persicae by its parasitoid Aphidoletes aphidimyza in chilly crop (Capsium annuum; Hansen 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Banker Plants To Achieve High Pest Control Efficiency In Multi-Pest, Multi-Natural Enemy Cropping Systems

Chen

Jaworski

Dai

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Banker plants increase biological pest control by supporting populations of non-pest arthropod species used as alternative hosts or prey by natural enemies. Due to the specificity of trophic interactions, banker plants may not efficiently promote natural enemies with different ecologies. Yet in most cropping systems different pest species are present together and require different biocontrol agents to efficiently control them. In the present study, we tested the combined use of two banker plants and their associated prey / host to enhance populations of the specialist parasitoid Encarsia formosa targeting the main tomato pest Bemisia tabaci, and a polyphagous ladybird Propylea japonica targeting the secondary pest Myzus persicae in tomato crops. In a laboratory and a greenhouse experiment, we measured the abundances of these four species using the Ricinus communis – Trialeurodes ricini banker plant system alone, in combination with the Glycines max – Megoura japonica system, or in absence of banker plants. We found that the first banker plant system enhanced populations of E. formosa, resulting in higher control of B. tabaci populations and the suppression of their outbreak in both our laboratory and greenhouse experiment. Conversely, abundances of P. japonica were not affected by this first system, but were significantly increased when the second was present. This resulted in high control of M. persicae populations and the suppression of their early and late outbreaks. Our study demonstrates the potential for combined banker plants to provide long-term, sustainable control of multiple pests by their target natural enemies in complex agroecosystems.

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Combining banker plants to achieve long-term pest control in multi-pest and multi-natural enemy cropping systems

et al. 2021

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Banker plants increase biological pest control by supporting populations of non-pest arthropod species, used as alternative hosts or prey by natural enemies. Due to the specificity of trophic interactions, banker plants may not efficiently promote natural enemies with different ecologies. Yet in most cropping systems, different pest species are present together and require different biocontrol agents to efficiently control them. In the present study, we tested the combined use of two banker plants and their associated prey/host to enhance populations of the specialist parasitoid Encarsia formosa targeting the main tomato pest Bemisia tabaci, and a polyphagous ladybird Propylea japonica targeting the secondary pest Myzus persicae in tomato crops. In a laboratory and a greenhouse experiment, we measured the abundances of these four species using the Ricinus communis-Trialeurodes ricini banker plant system alone, in combination with the Glycines max-Megoura japonica system, or in absence of banker plants. We found that the first banker plant system enhanced populations of E. formosa, resulting in increased suppression of B. tabaci populations and the suppression of their outbreak in both our laboratory and greenhouse experiment. Conversely, abundances of P. japonica were not affected by this first system, but were significantly increased when the second was present. This resulted in increased control of M. persicae populations and the suppression of their early and late outbreaks. Our study demonstrates the potential for combined banker plants to provide long-term, sustainable control of multiple pests by their target natural enemies in complex agroecosystems. KeywordsAlternative prey • Bemisia tabaci • Biocontrol agent • Competition • Encarsia formosa • Functional plant • Myzus persicae • Propylea japonica • Secondary pest Key message • Multiple pest species are present simultaneously in cropping systems, requiring multiple natural enemies. • Multiple banker plants are needed to support populations of biocontrol agents with contrasted ecologies.Communicated by Cesar Rodriguez-Saona.Xu Chen and Coline C. Jaworski equally contributed to this study.

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Banker plants promote functional biodiversity and decrease populations of the cabbage whitefly Aleyrodes proletella

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Conservation of Non-Pest Whiteflies and Natural Enemies of the Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella on Perennial Plants for Use in Non-Crop Habitats

Conservation of Non-Pest Whiteflies and Natural Enemies of the Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella on Perennial Plants for Use in Non-Crop Habitats

Combining Banker Plants To Achieve High Pest Control Efficiency In Multi-Pest, Multi-Natural Enemy Cropping Systems

Combining banker plants to achieve long-term pest control in multi-pest and multi-natural enemy cropping systems

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