Bareroot versus container stocktypes: a performance comparison

Grossnickle, Steven C.; El‐Kassaby, Yousry A.

doi:10.1007/s11056-015-9476-6

Cited by 99 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…The plant material was obtained from seedlings produced in 230 cm 3 containers (SuperLeach TM , Industrias Bardi S.A.L., Navarre, Spain) filled with a 3:1 (v:v) Sphagnum peat (Kekkilä B0, Finland) and perlite mixture with 5 g l -1 of Osmocote Plus 15-11-13 + 2MgO controlled release fertilizer (Scotts, Marysville, OH, USA). Containerized seedlings were chosen as they are most commonly used in dry planting areas (Grossnickle & El-Kassaby 2016). Seeds from Pinus canariensis Chr.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Planting Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matching seedling size to planting conditions: interactive response with soil moisture

Oliet¹,

Urbina²,

Sánchez‐Pinillos³

et al. 2019

iForest

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Seedling size is a very important issue when producing plants for restoration projects. Scientific evidence on the appropriate size for drylands is contradictory. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seedling size during first establishment by conducting a short term greenhouse experiment with Pinus canariensis containerized seedlings. A selection of large (mean height: 33.7 cm) and small (14.3 cm) one-year-old seedlings were planted in pots under two volumetric water content regimes: dry (7%) and wet (15%). Midday shoot water potential was measured in two periods: 10 (prior to root protrusion) and 30 (once the roots had protruded from the plug) days after planting. The length of protruding roots was measured after 30 days. One month after planting, the large seedlings under the dry regime produced more new roots than the small seedlings, but also showed the highest midday water potential values. Therefore, the greater root growth of the former did not offset the higher transpiration demand when planted in dry soils. These results suggest that under uncertainty about the soil humidity levels of dry areas, using small seedlings can improve their short-term survival after planting.Citation: Oliet JA, Ortiz de Urbina E, Sánchez-Pinillos M, Tardío-Cerrillo G (2019). Matching seedling size to planting conditions: interactive response with soil moisture. iForest 12: 220-225.

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Section: Plant Materials and Planting Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matching seedling size to planting conditions: interactive response with soil moisture

Oliet¹,

Urbina²,

Sánchez‐Pinillos³

et al. 2019

iForest

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“…High mortality of Q. rubra BR stock in our study could be due to the vulnerability and sensitivity of trees during handling practices (e.g., lifting at nurseries, storage, transporting, and planting techniques; Grossnickle & El-Kassaby 2015). Johnson et al (1984) reported that Q. rubra CT stock had greater new root development than BR stock (i.e., total new root length, number of new roots, new root dry weight).…”

Section: Restoring Trees To Lake Riparian Areasmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Johnson et al (1984) reported that Q. rubra CT stock had greater new root development than BR stock (i.e., total new root length, number of new roots, new root dry weight). This could explain why we observed a lower mortality of Q. rubra CT stock which typically has lower shoot to root ratios, which can increase nutrient storage and resistance to drought conditions, thereby allowing trees to overcome planting stress (Grossnickle & El-Kassaby 2015). In addition, Wilson et al (2007) reported Q. rubra BR suffered 25% mortality over one growing season, significant shoot die-back, and more variable growth.…”

Section: Restoring Trees To Lake Riparian Areasmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Many studies have compared BR stock to CT stock with mixed results (Grossnickle & El-Kassaby 2015). For example, Grossnickle and El-Kassaby (2015) reviewed 122 studies and found that 60.7% of studies reported higher survival for container stock, 14.8% reported higher survival for BR stock, and 24.6% reported similar survival between stock types. Sweeney et al (2002) is one of few studies to compare seedlings of CT and BR plant stock on a lake riparian restoration site, and they reported no significant difference in survival over a 4-year period BR trees are best planted between the periods of frost-free soil to bud break in the spring and leaf-fall to frozen soil in the fall, and such restrictive time frames are an impediment for those seeking to plant in the summer months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoring hardwood trees to lake riparian areas using three planting treatments

Haskell

Bales

Webster

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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Lake riparian areas provide wildlife habitat for a wide variety of species. Residential development throughout such lakeshore areas of the United States has increased exponentially in recent decades. Awareness of the vulnerability and importance of lakeshore ecosystems has increased concurrently. Lakeshore habitat restoration projects have been implemented to mitigate some of the negative impacts of human shoreline development, and containerized (CT) trees are frequently one of the highest costs associated with such restoration projects. As an alternative, we tested the effectiveness of using dormant bare‐root (BR) trees in restoration projects along two lakeshores in northern Wisconsin, U.S.A. In addition, we experimented using BR stock that was incorporated into gravel medium at a local nursery and planted later in the summer months. We monitored growth and survival of four native tree species in these three planting treatments over a 3–4‐year period. CT red maple (Acer rubra), paper birch (Betula paperifera), and northern red oak (Quercus rubra) increased in size significantly faster than BR and/or gravel culture (GC) counterparts, whereas CT showy mountain ash (Sorbus decora) growth rates were similar to those of BR and GC stock. Mortality was generally low, but for those species/planting treatments with higher mortality (paper birch and red oak), CT trees were more likely to survive than BR or GC trees. Our results show that the success of deciduous BR and/or GC tree stock relative to CT trees is species dependent, and for some species, CT trees' higher growth rates and survivorship could offset their higher costs.

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“…Another decision point is whether to plant bare-root (less expensive) or containerized (more expensive) seedlings. Containerized seedlings have more developed root systems and are generally more resistant to poor soil conditions (drought or saturated soils) than are bare-root seedlings (Grossnickle and El-Kassaby 2016). Containerized seedlings may also be the better choice if temperatures are warmer than optimal during planting, because their greater root density generally reflects greater nutrient reserves.…”

Section: Silvicultural Approaches For Maintaining Pine Plantation Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Florida's Plantation Forests in a Changing Climate

Martin¹,

Adams²,

Cohen³

et al. 2017

Florida’s Climate: Changes, Variations, &Amp; Impacts

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Key Messages• Production forestry provides substantial benefits to the state of Florida, including the provision of ecosystem services, such as regulation of water quantity and quality, provision of wildlife habitat and carbon sequestration, and supporting 80,000 jobs and $16.34 billion/year in economic activity.• Climate through the end of the century in the production forestry regions of northern Florida and southern Georgia is predicted to warm from 1.5 °C to almost 3.5 °C, with small increases in annual precipitation, and elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Models predict that these changes will result in substantial increases in potential loblolly pine and slash pine plantation productivity, ranging from 5-35% depending on emissions scenario, species, and location.• Forestry is unique in that it is one of the few industries that sequesters more carbon than it emits. There are opportunities to increase carbon sequestration for mitigation of atmospheric CO 2 through retention or expansion of forested areas, altered forest management, and the use of woody biomass for power generation in place of fossil fuels.• The frequency and intensity of abiotic disturbances, such as wildfire and windstorms, are likely to be affected by climate change; but predictions remain uncertain about the magnitude of change and their effects on the forest resource.• Research is underway to better understand how native forest pests and pathosystems may respond to changing climate. The movement of pests or pathogens into previously nonimpacted areas is of particular concern.• Plantation forests have been a vital part of protecting regional water quantity and quality, and they will continue to be essential features of healthy, productive landscapes as climate changes and the potential for adverse climate impacts on water resources increases.'• The key to adapting forest management to changing climate will be the considered application of silvicultural tools, such as competition control, density and fertility management, and proper choice of species for each site. Keeping abreast of research advances related to these tools will be increasingly important for forest managers as climate conditions change.• There are several viable policy options for harnessing forests to mitigate climate change and increasing forest resilience and adaptation to climate change. However, since 71% of Florida's forests are privately owned, policy options must align well with landowner needs to have adequate impact. Broadly speaking, policies that improve market conditions, reduce burdens (regulatory and economic), and increase economic sustainability for forest landowners would help protect Florida's existing forests and the benefits they provide, and would encourage investment in reforestation of existing forestland and planting new forests on previously unforested land.

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Bareroot versus container stocktypes: a performance comparison

Cited by 99 publications

References 173 publications

Matching seedling size to planting conditions: interactive response with soil moisture

Matching seedling size to planting conditions: interactive response with soil moisture

Restoring hardwood trees to lake riparian areas using three planting treatments

Managing Florida's Plantation Forests in a Changing Climate

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