Barium alginate caged Fe3O4@C18 magnetic nanoparticles for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalate esters from environmental water samples

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe hydrophobic octadecyl (C 18 ) functionalized Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 @C 18 ) were caged into hydrophilic barium alginate (Ba 2+ -ALG) polymers to obtain a novel type of solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents, and the sorbents were applied to the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) pollutants from environmental water samples. The hydrophilicity of the Ba 2+ -ALG cage enhances the dispersibility of sorbents in water samples, and the superparamagnetism of the Fe 3 O 4 core facilitates magnetic separation. With the magnetic SPE technique based on the Fe 3 O 4 @C 18 @Ba 2+ -ALG sorbents, it requires only 30 min to extract trace levels of analytes from 500 mL water samples. After the eluate is condensed to 0.5 mL, concentration factors for both phenanthrene and di-n-propyl-phthalate are over 500, while for other analytes are about 1000. The recoveries of target compounds are independent of salinity and solution pH under testing conditions. Under optimized conditions, the detection limits for phenanthrene, pyrene, benzo [a]anthracene, and benzo[a]pyrene are 5, 5, 3, and 2 ng L −1 , and for di-n-propyl-phthalate, di-n-butyl-phthalate, di-cyclohexyl-phthalate, and din-octyl-phthalate are 36, 59, 19, and 36 ng L −1 , respectively. The spiked recoveries of several real water samples for PAHs and PAEs are in the range of 72-108% with relative standard deviations varying from 1% to 9%, showing good accuracy of the method. The advantages of the new SPE method include high extraction efficiency, short analysis time and convenient extraction procedure. To the best of our knowledge, it is unprecedented that hydrophilic Ba 2+ -ALG polymer caged Fe 3 O 4 @C 18 magnetic nanomaterial is used to extract organic pollutants from large volumes of water samples.

The effect of montmorillonite clay in alginate gel beads for polychlorinated biphenyl adsorption: Isothermal and kinetic studies

“…This behavior is in agreement with literature data involving the adsorption of hydrophobic compounds by functionalized alginate beads (Zhang et al, 2010).…”

Preparation of polydopamine coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles and their application for enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples

“…Nowadays, magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE), a novel SPE method, has been developed based on the use of magnetic nanoparticles since its high extraction efficiency and rapid extraction kinetics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The magnetic adsorbents are usually devised on the basis of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles.…”

Recent advances in solid-phase sorbents for sample preparation prior to chromatographic analysis

“…• Al2O3 for the extraction of alendronate in human urine samples [175] and glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in water and guava-fruit extract [176]; • carbon for the extraction of BPA and PAHs in water samples [177,178]; and, • C18 for the extraction of PAHs and phthalate esters in water samples [179] and lidocaine in rat plasma samples [180].…”