Barium titanate powders synthesis from solvothermal reaction and supercritical treatment

Bocquet, J.F.; Chhor, K.; Pommier, C.

doi:10.1016/s0254-0584(98)00233-8

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The second process involves the use of cheaper precursors like barium hydroxides or chlorides and is based on hydrothermal synthesis route usually in highly basic solutions. However, the powder recovery in such processes requires successive steps of filtration, washing and drying resulting in modification of Ba/Ti ratio on the particle surface [23]. Tian et al [24] reported the synthesis of nanoscale magnesium oxide (MgO) wrapped BST powders by a modified hydrothermal process at temperatures as low as 80°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Barium Strontium Titanate powder via sol-gel processing

Somani

Kalita

2007

J Electroceram

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Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) solid solution is a strong candidate material for application in tunable ferroelectric devices. In this research, we have synthesized and characterized nanocrystalline BST (Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 TiO 3 ) powder with average particle-diameter of 15 nm through a simple sol-gel process, using barium acetate, strontium acetate and titanium isopropoxide as the precursors. In this process, stoichiometric proportions of barium acetate and strontium acetate were dissolved in acetic acid followed by refluxing, and addition of titanium (IV) isopropoxide to form BST gel. The gel was analyzed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The as-formed gel was dried at 200°C and then calcined in the temperature range of 400 to 800°C for crystallization. Phase evolution during calcination was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Particle size, morphology and the lattice fringes of the calcined powder were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). To study the effects of sintering on BST nanopowder, green ceramic specimens were prepared by uniaxial compaction and then sintered at 950-1,100°C under atmospheric conditions. Sintered specimens were analyzed for phase composition, grain size and geometric bulk density.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The space group of Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3-TiO 3 is unknown; therefore we used Ba 0.77 Sr 0. 23 [32] and was used as such. The space group of Sr 2 Ti 5 O 12 phase is unknown and therefore, was not analyzed.…”

Section: Rietveld Analysis Of Diffraction Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Barium Strontium Titanate powder via sol-gel processing

Somani

Kalita

2007

J Electroceram

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“…J.F. Bocquet et al [15] showed that the BaTiO 3 powder with average size of 12 nm could be synthesized using alkoxide BaTi(O-iC 3 H 7 ) 6 as precursors and isopropanol as solvent under high pressure, and that the particle size depended on the reaction conditions. Moreover, they used a set of complicated equipment to control reaction pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-controllable barium titanate nanopowder synthesized via one-pot solvothermal route in a mixed solvent

Hou

Xü

et al. 2006

J Electroceram

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Barium titanate nanopowder was synthesized via solvothermal route using water-ethanol-ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as mixed solvent and TiCl 4 -Ba(OH) 2 · 8H 2 O as precursors. The effects of water amount in a mixed solvent, synthetic temperature and reaction time on microstructure and particle size of the as-prepared barium titanate powder were investigated systematically. The results show that the particle size of barium titanate powder could be tuned by varying the synthetic parameters. The procedure presented here provides a simple route to the preparation of barium titanate nanopowder with controllable particle size.

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“…(Li 1−x Mn 2 O 4−y [15]), magnetic and catalytic materials (La 1−x Ca/Sr/BaMnO 3 [16]) and fine dielectric ceramics (BaTiO 3 [17]). 3 GaN, AlN, Cu 3 N, Cs 2 S 2 , NaOH [10,11,20- The choice of the solvent considerably influences the obtained product.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemistry of Ammonothermal Synthesis

2014

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Ammonothermal synthesis is a method for synthesis and crystal growth suitable for a large range of chemically different materials, such as nitrides (e.g., GaN, AlN), amides (e.g., LiNH 2 , Zn(NH 2 ) 2 ), imides (e.g., Th(NH) 2 ), ammoniates (e.g., Ga(NH 3 ) 3 F 3 , [Al(NH 3 ) 6 ]I 3 · NH 3 ) and non-nitrogen compounds like hydroxides, hydrogen sulfides and polychalcogenides (e.g., NaOH, LiHS, CaS, Cs 2 Te 5 ). In particular, large scale production of high quality crystals is possible, due to comparatively simple scalability of the experimental set-up. The ammonothermal method is defined as employing a heterogeneous reaction in ammonia as one homogenous fluid close to or in supercritical state. Three types of milieus may be applied during ammonothermal synthesis: ammonobasic, ammononeutral or ammonoacidic, evoked by the used starting materials and mineralizers, strongly influencing the obtained products. There is little known about the dissolution and materials transport processes or the deposition mechanisms during ammonothermal crystal growth. However, the initial results indicate the possible nature of different intermediate species present in the respective milieus. A Alkali or alkaline-earth metal, A(1) = alkali metal, A(2) = alkaline-earth metal B Further metal, might be main group metal, transition or rare-earth metal M Transition metal, excluding Sc, Y, La R Rare-earth metal, Sc, Y, La-Lu X Halide E Other main group element

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Barium titanate powders synthesis from solvothermal reaction and supercritical treatment

Cited by 57 publications

References 19 publications

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Barium Strontium Titanate powder via sol-gel processing

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Barium Strontium Titanate powder via sol-gel processing

Size-controllable barium titanate nanopowder synthesized via one-pot solvothermal route in a mixed solvent

Chemistry of Ammonothermal Synthesis

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