Barium titanate sols prepared by a diol-based sol–gel route

Tangwiwat, S.; Milne, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.12.008

Cited by 66 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Region i, is the most important peak for barium titanate and corresponds to wavelength range between 530-700 cm -1 (usually between 560-680 cm -1 ). This peak is due to the vibration of the bond between titanium and oxygen (Ti-O bond) [30][31][32][33]. Region ii, corresponds to a peak at 450 cm -1 approximately, which is caused by vibrations between metal atoms and oxygen (Ti-O and Ba-O bonds) [30,32,34].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Asimakopoulos¹,

Psarras²,

Zoumpoulakis³

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Nanocomposite materials based on two different types of polyester matrix (a commercial type and a laboratory produced one) with embedded barium titanate nano-particles were developed and characterized. Structural and morphological characteristics of the produced composite specimens were studied via X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infra red spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal, mechanical and electrical performance was examined via differential scanning calorimetry, bending and shear strength tests, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, respectively. Mechanical strength appears to reduce with the increase of filler content. Commercial polyester's composites exhibit brittle behaviour, while laboratory polyester's composites exhibit an elastomeric performance. Dielectric data reveal the presence of four relaxation processes, which are attributed to motion of small parts of the polymer chain (!-mode), re-arrangement of polar side groups ("-mode), glass to rubber transition of the polymer matrix (#-mode) and Interfacial Polarization between the systems' constituents. Finally, the energy storing efficiency of the systems was examined by calculating the density of energy. Vol.8, No.9 (2014) 692-707 Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2014.72 * Corresponding author, e-mail: G.C.Psarras@upatras.gr © BME-PT An outstanding position in the group of electroceramics is given to composite materials based on barium titanate. Barium titanate is a wide band gap semiconductive ferroelectric material with perovskite structure which has been of practical importance for over 60 years due to its specific electrical properties. Barium titanate's great significance is expressed in its applications, which include ceramic capacitors, PTCR thermistors (positive temperature coefficient resistors/thermistors or posistors), piezoelectric sensors, optoelectronic devices, transducers, actuators etc. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Furthermore, it is being applied as a capacitive material in dynamic random access memories (DRAM) in integrated circuits. DRAM applications require both high dielectric constant and good insulating properties [10]. Semiconductor memories such as dynamic random access memories (DRAM's) and static random access memories (SRAM's) currently dominate the market. However, the disadvantage of these memories is that they are volatile, i.e. the stored information is lost when the power fails. The non-volatile memories available at this time include complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) with battery backup and electrically erasable read only memories (EEPROM's). These non-volatile memories are very expensive. The main advantages offered by ferroelectric random access memories (FRAM's) include non-volatility and radiation hardened compatibility with CMOS and GaAs circuitry, high speed (30ns cycle time for read/erase/rewrite) and high density (4 (µm) 2 /cell size) [11]. Up to now, the most important utility of BaTiO 3 / polymer composites is ...

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Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Asimakopoulos¹,

Psarras²,

Zoumpoulakis³

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…FTIR spectra for BST doped with Fe and Ni elements have the same trend for the pure BST sample. The broad band at 3422 cm -1 is related to O-H stretching modes of absorbed water by KBr pellets that were used for FT-IR spectroscopy [19]. The peaks corresponding to barium carbonate were evident at 1630, 1427, 850 and 580 cm -1 [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Fe and Ni Co-Doped Ba0.6Sr0.4Tio3Prepared by Sol-Gel Technique

Shaban¹,

Bahar²

2017

J Theor Comput Sci

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“…Fig. 2 shows the IR spectrum of the xerogel dried at 200°C for 2 h. The spectrum shows the presence of broad bands centered at 3380 cm −1 (water stretching vibrations) [19], 2996 cm −1 (C-H stretching modes) [20,21], 2335 cm −1 (C=O stretching modes), 1715, 1560 cm −1 (acetate groups), 1423 cm −1 (Ba-Ti-O bonds) [22], 1340 cm −1 (O-H deformations of primary alcohols), 1055 cm −1 (C-O stretching vibration of primary alcohols) [21], 936 cm −1 (O-Ti-O stretching modes) [23], 658 cm −1 (Ti-O bending modes) [17,23]. Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of Bst Nanopowdermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 shows the IR spectra of BST powder calcined at 750°C for 2 h and at 850°C for 4 h, respectively. The broad band at 3422 cm −1 is related to O-H stretching modes of absorbed water by KBr pellets that were used for FT-IR spectroscopy [22]. The peaks corresponding to barium carbonate are evident at 1630, 1427, 850 and 580 cm −1 [24].…”

Section: Characterization Of Bst Nanopowdermentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline barium strontium titanate powder by a modified sol-gel processing

Araghi

Shaban

Bahar

2016

Materials Science-Poland

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In this research work, nanocrystalline BST (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 ) powders were synthesized through a modified sol-gel process, using barium acetate, strontium acetate and titanium isopropoxide as the precursors. In this process, stoichiometric proportions of barium acetate and strontium acetate were dissolved in acetic acid and titanium (IV) isopropoxide was added to form BST gel. The as-formed gel was dried at 200°C and then calcined in the temperature range of 600 to 850°C for crystallization. The samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy method (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. EDS analysis of these samples confirmed the formation of the final phase with the special stoichiometry. The formation of a cubic perovskite crystalline phase with nanoscale dimension was detected using the mentioned techniques. The results showed that the obtained crystallite sizes were 33 and 37 nm for BST powder calcined at 750 and 850°C, respectively.

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Barium titanate sols prepared by a diol-based sol–gel route

Cited by 66 publications

References 20 publications

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Synthesis and Characterization of Fe and Ni Co-Doped Ba0.6Sr0.4Tio3Prepared by Sol-Gel Technique

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline barium strontium titanate powder by a modified sol-gel processing

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