Barley Breeding History, Progress, Objectives, and Technology

Friedt, W.; Horsley, Richard D.; Harvey, B. L.; Poulsen, David Me; Lance, Reg; Ceccarelli, Salvatore; Grando, S.; Capettini, Flávio

doi:10.1002/9780470958636.ch8

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Domestication and breeding by humans have had significant impacts upon the frequencies and types of genetic variation that segregate within crop populations. In Australia, early settlers first sowed barley on 3.24 ha shortly after the arrival of the First Fleet at Botany Bay in 1788 (Friedt, 2011). Since then, barley production has expanded rapidly to 1 Mio ha in 1966, and more than 4.6 Mio ha in 2016(FAOSTAT, 2016.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridisation‐based target enrichment of phenology genes to dissect the genetic basis of yield and adaptation in barley

Hill

Angessa

McFawn

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is a major cereal grain widely used for livestock feed, brewing malts and human food. Grain yield is the most important breeding target for genetic improvement and largely depends on optimal timing of flowering. Little is known about the allelic diversity of genes that underlie flowering time in domesticated barley, the genetic changes that have occurred during breeding, and their impact on yield and adaptation. Here, we report a comprehensive genomic assessment of a worldwide collection of 895 barley accessions based on the targeted resequencing of phenology genes. A versatile target‐capture method was used to detect genome‐wide polymorphisms in a panel of 174 flowering time‐related genes, chosen based on prior knowledge from barley, rice and Arabidopsis thaliana . Association studies identified novel polymorphisms that accounted for observed phenotypic variation in phenology and grain yield, and explained improvements in adaptation as a result of historical breeding of Australian barley cultivars. We found that 50% of genetic variants associated with grain yield, and 67% of the plant height variation was also associated with phenology. The precise identification of favourable alleles provides a genomic basis to improve barley yield traits and to enhance adaptation for specific production areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridisation‐based target enrichment of phenology genes to dissect the genetic basis of yield and adaptation in barley

Hill

Angessa

McFawn

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…Taken together, our data suggest that three major factors account for the partitioning of diversity within the global barley panel: geographic origin (Asia, Middle East, North America, and South America) (S7a Fig), growth habit (winter vs. spring) (S7b Fig), and row type (six-row vs. two-row) (S7c Fig). However, no clear clustering pattern was observed among European, African, and Australian genotypes, which is likely due to the extensive movement of germplasm from Europe to Australia and extensive use of diverse African lines in Australian and European breeding programmes [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to selection pressure on large genomic regions for positive alleles, the subsequent fixation of the alleles during breeding, and high rates of self-fertilization, Australian barley subgroups (CatA to CatC) were found to contain larger LD blocks, higher baseline LD, and higher long-range LD than the entire barley panel used in this study. Long-range LD was more extensive in historical barley cultivars (CatA and CatB) than in more recently released barley cultivars (CatC) owing to the greater extent of allelic association in the early period of barley breeding, thereby confirming the narrow initial gene pool of early breeding programmes [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results are consistent with a continuous increase in diversity through breeding, as observed between CatA and CatB (representing a ∼8.9% higher nucleotide diversity in cultivars released between 1998 and 2005 than in cultivars released between 1903 and 1998). The continuous increase in diversity between groups CatA and CatC (representing a ∼12.5% higher nucleotide diversity in cultivars released between 2005 and 2019 than in cultivars released between 1903 and 1998) reflect the increased use of exotic germplasm bred into modern Australian barleys [15] and breeding improvement in early Australian barley breeding programmes. These findings show that despite six decades of intense breeding of Australian barley cultivars, higher genetic variation exists within the current breeding gene pool compared to historical varieties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it was only in the late 18 th century that barley was first introduced to Australia [15], it is currently one of the world’s largest barley producers (http://faostat.fao.org). The first introduced cultivars were poorly adapted, late-maturing, European barleys, and were susceptible to the hot, dry conditions typical of Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A global barley panel revealing genomic signatures of breeding in modern cultivars

Hill

Angessa

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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18The future of plant cultivar improvement lies in the evaluation of genetic resources from 19 currently available germplasm. Recent efforts in plant breeding have been aimed at 20 developing new and improved varieties from poorly adapted crops to suit local environments. 21 However, the impact of these breeding efforts is poorly understood. Here, we assess the 22 contributions of both historical and recent breeding efforts to local adaptation and crop 23 improvement in a global barley panel by analysing the distribution of genetic variants with 24 respect to geographic region or historical breeding category. By tracing the impact breeding 25 had on the genetic diversity of barley released in Australia, where the history of barley 26 production is relatively young, we identify 69 candidate regions within 922 genes that were 27 under selection pressure. We also show that modern Australian barley varieties exhibit 12% 28 higher genetic diversity than historical cultivars. Finally, field-trialling and phenotyping for 29 agriculturally relevant traits across a diverse range of Australian environments suggests that 30 genomic regions under strong breeding selection and their candidate genes are closely 31 associated with key agronomic traits. In conclusion, our combined dataset and germplasm 32 collection provide a rich source of genetic diversity that can be applied to understanding and 33 improving environmental adaptation and enhanced yields. 35Author summary 36 Today's gene pool of crop genetic diversity has been shaped during domestication and more 37 recently by breeding. Genetic diversity is vital for crop species to be able to adapt to 38 changing environments. There is concern that recent breeding efforts have eroded the genetic 39 diversity of many domesticated crops including barley. The present study assembled a global 40 panel of barley genotypes with a focus on historical and modern Australian varieties.41 Genome-wide data was used to detect genes that are thought to have been under selection 3 42 during crop breeding in Australian barley. The results demonstrate that despite being more 43 extensively bred, modern Australian barley varieties exhibit higher genetic diversity than 44 historical cultivars, countering the common perception that intensive breeding leads to 45 genetic erosion of adaptive diversity in modern cultivars. In addition, some loci (particularly 46 those related to phenology) were subject to selection during the introduction of other barley 47 varieties to Australia -these genes might continue to be important targets in breeding efforts 48 in the face of changing climatic conditions. 49 50 51The diversity of the existing genetic pool for commercially important plant species has been 52 shaped during plant domestication, human migration, varietal selection processes and, more 53 recently, breeding. However, there is concern that breeding efforts have eroded genetic 54 variation, thereby resulting in a narrow range of genotypes in the current gene pools of 55 domesticated crops [1...

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Spring barley yield and potential northward expansion under climate change in Canada

Jégo,

Crépeau,

Jing

et al. 2023

Agronomy Journal

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Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), being a cold‐tolerant crop may not benefit as much from a warmer climate and a lengthening of the growing season due to climate change though its suitable production area could expand further north. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of climate change on barley yields across Canada for both current production regions and potential northern crop expansion regions in the future. Three crop models (DNDC, DSSAT and STICS) and 18 climate scenarios (1981‐2100) were used to simulate the effect of climate change on potential (non‐water and non‐nitrogen limited) and rainfed (non‐nitrogen limited) spring barley yields for 32 locations across Canada. For the currently planted spring barley regions characterized by a humid summer in Eastern Canada (growing season precipitation > 500 mm), potential and rainfed yields were projected to slightly increase in future (<+0.2 t ha−1). In western regions where precipitation amount is lower (growing season precipitation <500 mm), changes in the potential yield varied slightly (‐0.1 to +0.2 t ha−1) while the rainfed yield was projected to increase (0.2 to 1.0 t ha−1) mainly due to a reduction in water stress under elevated CO2. Finally, in northern regions where future expansion may occur, projected yield increases were generally large (up to 2.8 t ha−1 for potential yield), but the risk of crop failure usually remained high. Our findings suggest that future climate change will present both opportunities and regionalized risks for spring barley producers with the potential to further expand barley production northward.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Barley Breeding History, Progress, Objectives, and Technology

Cited by 42 publications

References 103 publications

Hybridisation‐based target enrichment of phenology genes to dissect the genetic basis of yield and adaptation in barley

Hybridisation‐based target enrichment of phenology genes to dissect the genetic basis of yield and adaptation in barley

A global barley panel revealing genomic signatures of breeding in modern cultivars

Spring barley yield and potential northward expansion under climate change in Canada

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