Barremian-Aptian angiospermid pollen records from southern England

Hughes, Norman F.; McDougall, Audrey B.

doi:10.1016/0034-6667(90)90065-q

Cited by 89 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Takhtajan 1969) but was anticipated by some morphological cladistic analyses (Dahlgren and Bremer 1985;Donoghue and Doyle 1989). This means that the oldest known tricolpate pollen, for example from the late Barremian of England (Hughes and McDougall 1990) and Africa Doyle 1992), is evidence for the existence of this clade or the stem lineage leading to it. Furthermore, studies of fossil flowers confirm and extend earlier suggestions that many of the first common angiosperm leaf types in the middle and late Albian belong to lines that diverge near the base of the eudicots in molecular trees, below the vast bulk of eudicots, which typically have pentamerous flowers and well-differentiated sepals and petals and have been called core eudicots or Pentapetalae (Cantino et al 2007).…”

Section: Eudicotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognising angiosperm clades in the Early Cretaceous fossil record

Doyle

2014

Historical Biology

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Studies of the earliest Cretaceous angiosperms in the 1970s made only broad comparisons with living taxa, but discoveries of fossil flowers and increasingly robust molecular phylogenies of living angiosperms allow more secure recognition of extant clades. The middle to late Albian rise of tricolpate pollen and the first local dominance of angiosperm leaves mark the influx of near-basal lines of eudicots. Associated flowers indicate that palmately lobed 'platanoids' and Sapindopsis are both stem relatives of Platanus, while Nelumbites was related to Nelumbo (also Proteales) and Spanomera to Buxaceae. Monocots are attested by Aptian Liliacidites pollen and Acaciaephyllum leaves and Albian araceous inflorescences. Several Albian-Cenomanian fossils belong to Magnoliidae in the revised monophyletic sense, including Archaeanthus in Magnoliales and Virginianthus and Mauldinia in Laurales, while late Barremian pollen tetrads (Walkeripollis) are related to Winteraceae. In the basal ANITA grade, Nymphaeales are represented by Aptian and Albian flowers and whole plants (Monetianthus, Carpestella and Pluricarpellatia). Epidermal similarities of lower Potomac leaves to woody members of the ANITA grade are consistent with Albian flowers assignable to Austrobaileyales (Anacostia). Aptian to Cenomanian mesofossils represent both crown group Chloranthaceae (Asteropollis plant) and stem relatives of Chloranthaceae and/or Ceratophyllum (Canrightia, Zlatkocarpus, Pennipollis plant and possibly Appomattoxia).

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Section: Eudicotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognising angiosperm clades in the Early Cretaceous fossil record

Doyle

2014

Historical Biology

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“…The earliest record of triaperturate pollen is a single grain from Zone 4 of Hughes (Late Barremian -Early Aptian; Hughes & McDougall 1990;Hughes 1994). Above this level in the Wealden succession of southern England, triaperturate pollen becomes more common.…”

Section: (D) Eudicotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity in obscurity: fossil flowers and the early history of angiosperms

Friis

Pedersen

Crane

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

192

116

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In the second half of the nineteenth century, pioneering discoveries of rich assemblages of fossil plants from the Cretaceous resulted in considerable interest in the first appearance of angiosperms in the geological record. Darwin's famous comment, which labelled the 'rapid development' of angiosperms an 'abominable mystery', dates from this time. Darwin and his contemporaries were puzzled by the relatively late, seemingly sudden and geographically widespread appearance of modern-looking angiosperms in Late Cretaceous floras. Today, the early diversification of angiosperms seems much less 'rapid'. Angiosperms were clearly present in the Early Cretaceous, 20-30 Myr before they attained the level of ecological dominance reflected in some mid-Cretaceous floras, and angiosperm leaves and pollen show a distinct pattern of steadily increasing diversity and complexity through this interval. Early angiosperm fossil flowers show a similar orderly diversification and also provide detailed insights into the changing reproductive biology and phylogenetic diversity of angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous. In addition, newly discovered fossil flowers indicate considerable, previously unrecognized, cryptic diversity among the earliest angiosperms known from the fossil record. Lineages that today have an herbaceous or shrubby habit were well represented. Monocotyledons, which have previously been difficult to recognize among assemblages of early fossil angiosperms, were also diverse and prominent in many Early Cretaceous ecosystems.

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“…It is clearly defined by its distinctive triaperturate pollen (Doyle & Hotton, 1991;Drinnan et al, 1994;Magalló n et al, 1999) and is also strongly supported by phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data (e.g., Soltis & Soltis, 2004). Triaperturate pollen grains are easy to recognize in the fossil record and the oldest palaeobotanical evidence of eudicots is provided by dispersed tricolpate pollen grains from the Barremian-Aptian transition about 120 million years ago (Hughes & McDougall, 1990). Subsequently, from Aptian and Albian deposits there is a greater diversity of eudicot pollen types, indicating that the group was already well established at that time and that its initial diversification was well under way (Hughes & McDougall, 1990;Penny, 1991;Doyle, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Triaperturate pollen grains are easy to recognize in the fossil record and the oldest palaeobotanical evidence of eudicots is provided by dispersed tricolpate pollen grains from the Barremian-Aptian transition about 120 million years ago (Hughes & McDougall, 1990). Subsequently, from Aptian and Albian deposits there is a greater diversity of eudicot pollen types, indicating that the group was already well established at that time and that its initial diversification was well under way (Hughes & McDougall, 1990;Penny, 1991;Doyle, 1992). In addition, eudicots are represented by a diversity of leaf fossils in the later part of the Early Cretaceous and mid-Cretaceous (e.g., Doyle & Hickey, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%