Introduction Pain perception in labor is extremely variable among women depending on the parturient pain threshold and reaction to pain (1). For the majority of women, labor pain is considered severe and may be likened in severity to complex regional pain syndrome or amputation of a digit without anaesthesia (2). According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Society of Anaesthesiologists, there is no circumstance where it is acceptable for an individual to experience untreated severe pain, amenable to safe intervention, while under the care of a physician (2). The development of modern analgesia and in particular regional analgesia marked a major turning point in pain management during labor and delivery. Epidural analgesia is considered as the most effective method of pain relief and recommended as the first choice analgesia for women during labor and delivery (3,4). The level of awareness and practice of labor analgesia, particularly epidural analgesia in sub-Saharan Africa is still rudimentary and obstetricians undoubtedly have an important role to play in this regard. In 2012, a survey of the practice of labor analgesia a m o n g t h e obstetricians in Nigeria revealed that only 49% of the respondents offered analgesia to women in labor and of these, a paltry 2% used epidural analgesia (5). Pain management in labor is an important component of active management of labor and even though not all women request pain relief in labor, the obstetrician has a duty to discuss the options, benefits and risks associated with various methods of labor analgesia with the parturient irrespective of his or her belief (6, 7). Optimal pain control in labor is more likely to result in a satisfactory birth experience for the parturient and her care provider (8-12). A critical step in achieving this milestone is to survey the level of awareness of epidural analgesia, determinants and deterrents of its use among obstetricians practicing in Nigeria. Currently, there is no available literature documenting the utilization pattern, determinants and deterrents of epidural analgesia among obstetric care providers such as obstetricians in Nigeria. This study, therefore,