Barriers to entrepreneurial intentions of women: Nominal group technique, analytic hierarchy process , and scientometric approach instigating the necessity of policy intervention

Abstract

A review of the literature was conducted followed by scientometric analysis. Nominal group technique (NGT) was used to identify major barriers to the entrepreneurial intentions of women. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was then applied by taking advice from 13 experts including entrepreneurs to prioritize the barriers and finally necessary prescriptions were suggested. The purpose of this study is to identify the important terms used by earlier researchers, map the terms into various topics of barriers and finally prioritize the major barriers to the entrepreneurial intentions of women to facilitate finding necessary solutions. The findings bring to light 3 important categories of barrier and 12 sub‐barriers. Lack of self‐confidence, economic barriers, and women status and rights and were the most influential individual barrier, contextual barrier, and sociocultural barrier with a priority of 58.6, 51.1, and 54.7% in their own categories, respectively. The technique of Scientometric analysis has been less explored in the domain of barriers to entrepreneurial intentions of women and to the best of the knowledge of the authors, no earlier researcher has attempted to use the technique of scientometric analysis, NGT, and AHP in combination. The findings will help better access the prioritized barriers which need immediate attention of the policymaking bodies. Government, as well as industrial policymakers, can implement the identified counteracting practices to barriers of entrepreneurial intentions of women to obtain optimum results and smooth functioning of the companies.

Entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs and the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities: empirical evidence from Lebanon

“…A lack of knowledge might cause them to make poor judgments, damaging their selfesteem (Setini et al, 2021); thus, they must acquire as much information as possible (Patra and Lenka, 2022). These factors may combine to dissuade people from starting a business to start a business (Saeedikiya and Aeeni, 2020).…”

“…Women entrepreneurs may make poor decisions because they are uninformed about financial management and legal requirements and may not fully understand the risks and obligations associated with owning and operating a firm (Mashapure et al, 2022). In addition, women entrepreneurs may find it more challenging to gain access to the tools and assistance they need to make educated decisions and expand their enterprises if they are unaware of the availability of networking and mentoring opportunities (Patra and Lenka, 2022). We conclude from existing research that women in Lebanon are less likely to have an entrepreneurial mindset due to a lack of knowledge.…”

“…Women entrepreneurs face challenges that networking may mitigate (Dong et al, 2021;Gashi et al, 2022). Women may benefit greatly from networking with other entrepreneurs to access the knowledge and support needed to launch and expand their ventures (Patra and Lenka, 2022). By expanding their professional and personal networks, women may boost their chances of success and strengthen their resolve to start ventures.…”

“…A woman's decision to launch a company may hinge on her ability to acquire start-up capital. Previous research concludes that a lack of funding negatively affects women's entrepreneurial intention, especially in Lebanon, where women face high discrimination from investors who may be more likely to invest in male ventures (Patra and Lenka, 2022). Furthermore, women entrepreneurs from specific religious or cultural backgrounds may have difficulty obtaining finance due to prejudice.…”

Entrepreneurial intention a bibliometric approach

“…Furthermore, gender and EI studies have had a great development, and the other exposed topics, their studies are closely related in other contexts and populations. In addition, research has social, cultural (Anggadwita et al, 2021;Ilyas, 2020), academic (Di Paola, 2020Gurel et al, 2021), and barrier (Patra & Lenka, 2020) aspects. Finally, a recent topic of interest is decision making, which is associated with risk, uncertainty, and style factors that affect an individual's EI (Krasniqi et al, 2019;Ye, 2013;Zichella, 2020).…”