Baryon inhomogeneity generation in the quark-gluon plasma phase

Abstract

We discuss the possibility of generation of baryon inhomogeneities in a quark-gluon plasma phase due to moving Z3 interfaces. By modeling the dependence of effective mass of the quarks on the Polyakov loop order parameter, we study the reflection of quarks from collapsing Z3 interfaces and estimate resulting baryon inhomogeneities in the context of the early universe. We argue that in the context of certain low energy scale inflationary models, it is possible that large Z3 walls arise at the end of the reheating stage. Collapse of such walls could lead to baryon inhomogeneities which may be separated by large distances near the QCD scale. Importantly, the generation of these inhomogeneities is insensitive to the order, or even the existence, of the quark-hadron phase transition. We also briefly discuss the possibility of formation of quark nuggets in this model, as well as baryon inhomogeneity generation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Effects of quarks on the formation and evolution of Z(3) walls and strings in an effective model near the QCD deconfining transition

“…As we increase the temperature from T c = 182 MeV, the nucleation rate of metastable vacuum bubble increases and becomes almost equal to that of true vacuum bubble at T 200 MeV (both rates being about ∼ 2.4 × 10 −2 fm −4 ). This happens because at these temperatures S 3 T so that the decrease of the exponential term for a larger S 3 (corresponding to the metastable vacuum) is not very significant. However, the pre-exponential factor A in Eq.…”

“…In the context of relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments (RHICE), it provides the only system where domain walls and strings arise in a relativistic quantum field theory which can be investigated under laboratory control. In earlier works [1][2][3] we have discussed various aspects of existence of these objects in cosmology as well as in RHICE. These topological objects arise in the high temperature deconfined phase of QCD due to spontaneous breaking of the Z(3) global symmetry of finite temperature QCD, where Z(3) is the center of the SU (3) color gauge group of QCD.…”

“…Thus, with quark effects taken in terms of explicit symmetry breaking, the interfaces survive as non-trivial topological structures, though they do not remain solutions of time independent equations of motion. In our earlier investigations of these Z(3) walls and the QGP string we had neglected the effects of such an explicit symmetry breaking arising from quark effects [1][2][3] and had investigated the properties and physical consequences of these objects Z(3) in the context of early universe as well as in RHICE. In the present work, we will incorporate effects of explicit symmetry breaking from quarks in the study of these objects.…”

“…In our analysis in ref. [1,3] we had discussed the effects of the explicit symmetry breaking term in view of the estimates of such a term from ref. [17].…”

Nuggets Anti-Nuggets Formation from QCD Z(3) Domains

“…Quark nuggets formation from collapsing Z(3) walls was studied in (Layek et al, 2006). There, the quark scattering was from L( x) profile ( In (Atreya et al, 2012), exact background profile was calculated by making the gauge choice…”