Base-flow characteristics of streams in the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont physiographic provinces of Virginia

Nelms, D.L.; Harlow, G.E.; Hayes, Donald C.

doi:10.3133/ofr95298

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Based on published estimates of annual recharge as a percent of precipitation in humid conditions similar to those found at our site (Delin and Risser 2007;Heppner et al 2007;White and Burbey 2007;Nelms et al 1997), the potential recharge values that we estimated using this ERT-based method are reasonable. In particular, Nelms et al (1997) report that annual recharge ranges from 21.3 to 28 cm (8.4 to 11 inches) per year (median 24.6 cm, or 9.7 inches) in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Recharge Measurementssupporting

confidence: 65%

Quantifying Potential Recharge in Mantled Sinkholes Using ERT

Schwartz

Schreiber

2009

Groundwater

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Potential recharge through thick soils in mantled sinkholes was quantified using differential electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Conversion of time series two-dimensional (2D) ERT profiles into 2D volumetric water content profiles using a numerically optimized form of Archie's law allowed us to monitor temporal changes in water content in soil profiles up to 9 m in depth. Combining Penman-Monteith daily potential evapotranspiration (PET) and daily precipitation data with potential recharge calculations for three sinkhole transects indicates that potential recharge occurred only during brief intervals over the study period and ranged from 19% to 31% of cumulative precipitation. Spatial analysis of ERT-derived water content showed that infiltration occurred both on sinkhole flanks and in sinkhole bottoms. Results also demonstrate that mantled sinkholes can act as regions of both rapid and slow recharge. Rapid recharge is likely the result of flow through macropores (such as root casts and thin gravel layers), while slow recharge is the result of unsaturated flow through fine-grained sediments. In addition to developing a new method for quantifying potential recharge at the field scale in unsaturated conditions, we show that mantled sinkholes are an important component of storage in a karst system.

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Section: Comparison With Other Recharge Measurementssupporting

confidence: 65%

Quantifying Potential Recharge in Mantled Sinkholes Using ERT

Schwartz

Schreiber

2009

Groundwater

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“…Physiographic provinces are delineated by specific differences in geology and topography and are important determinants of fish communities in Virginia (Angermeier & Winston, 1999). Relative to the Ridge and Valley, Blue Ridge slopes are steep and soils are thin (Nelms et al, 1997). The Ridge and Valley is characterized by a series of steep ridges paralleled by narrow valleys, bordered on the west by the Appalachian Plateau and on the east by the Blue Ridge.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Current land use is a poor predictor of hellbender occurrence: why assumptions matter when predicting distributions of data‐deficient species

Jachowski

Millspaugh

Hopkins

2016

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Understanding species distributions is fundamental to effective conservation planning. Data deficiency is common among rare and imperiled species and poses challenges for conservation planning because status assessments become reliant on scant data that can introduce bias. We used occupancy modelling to evaluate support for commonly accepted, but previously untested, hypotheses regarding factors that drive the occurrence of an imperiled and data-deficient amphibian, the eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis). We investigated the potential for mismatch between areas likely to be identified as having high conservation priority based on the common assumption that hellbender occurrence corresponds to areas of high forest cover and those identified by well-informed models.Location South-west Virginia, USA.Methods We conducted triplicate surveys to detect C. alleganiensis in 49 stream reaches stratified across a land use gradient and two major drainages. We used a Bayesian multimodel framework to investigate factors associated with C. alleganiensis occupancy. We used the best-performing models to predict probability of occupancy at the scale of a 50-m stream reach throughout our study area and identify areas most likely to be occupied.Results Occurrence of C. alleganiensis was explained primarily by differences in underlying geology and topography (i.e. physiography) and negative effects of agriculture were only modestly supported. Best-performing models suggested 35% of our study area was occupied. Our findings suggest that predictions from models informed by presence-only data and current land use would likely underestimate C. alleganiensis occupancy by as much as one-third and incorrectly classify over half the currently occupied area to be of little importance to the species.Main conclusion Our study highlights the potential danger of assuming that the distribution of data-deficient species can be approximated using untested, but commonly accepted, species-habitat associations.

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“…The spatial and temporal chemical variation inherent within stream base flow is not as often monitored or analyzed as storm runoff within urban basins. Nonetheless, base flow comprises between $40% of the total flow stream flow within the southeastern US and $70% during dry years (Nelms et al, 1997 andFullagar, 2005). Hatt et al (2004) observed that contaminant concentration trends in urban base flow are similar to storm event runoff when correlated with various metrics used to quantify urbanization (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effects of urbanization on the hydrochemistry of base flow within the Chattahoochee River Basin (Georgia, USA)

Rose

2007

Journal of Hydrology

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Base-flow characteristics of streams in the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont physiographic provinces of Virginia

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Quantifying Potential Recharge in Mantled Sinkholes Using ERT

Quantifying Potential Recharge in Mantled Sinkholes Using ERT

Current land use is a poor predictor of hellbender occurrence: why assumptions matter when predicting distributions of data‐deficient species

The effects of urbanization on the hydrochemistry of base flow within the Chattahoochee River Basin (Georgia, USA)

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