Baseline and premining geochemical characterization of mined sites

Nordstrom, D. Kirk

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.12.010

Cited by 57 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The low Mo concentrations at these sites were proposed to be the result of Fe sedimentary mineralization and/or Mn oxide immobilization under sulfate‐reducing conditions (Smedley and Edmunds, ; Morford et al ., ; Beck et al ., ). Low Mo concentrations (< 5–70 nM) resulting from the lower solubility of molybdate at low pH have also been reported in naturally acidic groundwater (pH 2.4–2.9) (Nordstrom, ). While the ORR environment can be considered unique, acid mine drainage (AMD) forms a similar highly acidic, metal‐rich environment, which is generated from the drainage of pyrite oxidation and results in sulfuric acid and ferric iron contamination (Sánchez‐España et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Iron‐ and aluminium‐induced depletion of molybdenum in acidic environments impedes the nitrogen cycle

Vaccaro

Thorgersen

et al. 2018

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Anthropogenic nitrate contamination is a serious problem in many natural environments. Nitrate removal by microbial action is dependent on the metal molybdenum (Mo), which is required by nitrate reductase for denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. The soluble form of Mo, molybdate (MoO42−), is incorporated into and adsorbed by iron (Fe) and aluminium (Al) (oxy) hydroxide minerals. Herein we used Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) as a model nitrate‐contaminated acidic environment to investigate whether the formation of Fe‐ and Al‐precipitates could impede microbial nitrate removal by depleting Mo. We demonstrate that Fe and Al mineral formation that occurs as the pH of acidic synthetic groundwater is increased, decreases soluble Mo to low picomolar concentrations, a process proposed to mimic environmental diffusion of acidic contaminated groundwater. Analysis of ORR sediments revealed recalcitrant Mo in the contaminated core that co‐occurred with Fe and Al, consistent with Mo scavenging by Fe/Al precipitates. Nitrate removal by ORR isolate Pseudomonas fluorescens N2A2 is virtually abolished by Fe/Al precipitate‐induced Mo depletion. The depletion of naturally occurring Mo in nitrate‐ and Fe/Al‐contaminated acidic environments like ORR or acid mine drainage sites has the potential to impede microbial‐based nitrate reduction thereby extending the duration of nitrate in the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Iron‐ and aluminium‐induced depletion of molybdenum in acidic environments impedes the nitrogen cycle

Vaccaro

Thorgersen

et al. 2018

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Los procesos que originan o modifican los residuos mineros representan un fenómeno complejo que primero debe comprenderse y después atenderse, analizando diversas alternativas de remediación (Razo et al, 2007;Armienta y Segovia, 2008;Nordstrom, 2011;Lottermoser, 2011;Simate y Ndlovu, 2014;Nordstrom 2015;Gutiérrez et al, 2016). El diseño de un programa de caracterización de un sitio minero-metalúrgico contempla la toma de muestras de sedimentos, lixiviados, residuos, jales, agua superficial y/o subterránea, incluso muestras biológicas, y su análisis en el laboratorio (Castro-Larragoitia et al, 1997;Santos-Jallath et al, 2013;Carrillo-Chávez et al, 2014;Luís et al, 2015;Root et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterización y modelación hidrogeoquímica de lixiviados mineros de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. México

Burillo

Cardona

Castro-Larragoitia

et al. 2017

BSGM

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RESUMENSe empleó la modelación hidrogeoquímica para entender las diferencias entre los lixiviados mineros y los extractos acuosos de sedimentos de arroyo y de residuos sulfurosos de un distrito minero histórico de San Luis Potosí. Tanto en los lixiviados colectados en campo como en los extractos acuosos obtenidos en laboratorio predominaron las especies de Al, Ca, Fe, SO 4 y Zn. La concentración de estas especies acuosas en los extractos de residuos fue mayor que en los sedimentos. Los residuos se presentan en dos tipos de condiciones: libres sin ningún tipo de protección y semiconfinados. La concentración en los extractos de residuos expuestos a la intemperie fue mayor que en los semiconfinados. La DRX muestra la presencia de jarosita, lo que se corresponde con los resultados de la modelación hidrogeoquímica en los extractos acuosos y lixiviados. La reacción de la calcita con los lixiviados produjo la disolución-precipitación de los minerales: gibbsita Al (OH) 3 , yeso (CaSO 4 .2H 2 O), galena (PbSO 4 ), alunita KAl 3 (OH) 6 (SO 4 ) 2 y melanterita FeSO 4 :7H 2 O, que es función de la cantidad de calcita presente y el pH de la solución. En general, el Fe existe como Fe +2 y el S como SO 4 -2 . Se modeló la mezcla entre el lixiviado minero (pH < 3) y agua de lluvia lo que produjo una solución con pH cercano al neutro. La evaporación de lixiviados forma sulfatos metálicos, principalmente yeso y melanterita. La evolución del agua del modelo fue de bicarbonatada cálcica hacia sulfatada cálcica, probablemente debido al efecto de ión común. Los extractos acuosos más contaminados provienen de los residuos mineros, que se corresponden espacialmente con los lixiviados, reflejando la capacidad limitada de los sedimentos de arroyo para retener metales. Este trabajo muestra la importancia de complementar la caracterización de residuos, en base a las normas ambientales vigentes en México, con el fin de proponer planes de remediación mejor fundamentados.Palabras clave: lixiviados mineros, San Luis Potosí, caracterización de residuos mineros, modelación hidrogeoquímica.

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“…ARD is often characterized by low pH values (2-6), and high sulfate and heavy metals content [1, 2]. The high acidity and heavy metal concentrations typically found in ARD pose serious ecological risks, particularly for aquatic ecosystems [3, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of acid rock drainage using a sulfate-reducing bioreactor with zero-valent iron

Ayala-Parra

Sierra-Álvarez

Field

2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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This study assessed the bioremediation of acid rock drainage (ARD) in flow-through columns testing zero-valent iron (ZVI) for the first time as the sole exogenous electron donor to drive sulfate-reducing bacteria in permeable reactive barriers. Columns containing ZVI, limestone or a mixture of both materials were inoculated with an anaerobic mixed culture and fed a synthetic ARD containing sulfuric acid and heavy metals (initially copper, and later also cadmium and lead). ZVI significantly enhanced sulfate reduction and the heavy metals were extensively removed (> 99.7%). Solid-phase analyses showed that heavy metals were precipitated with biogenic sulfide in the columns packed with ZVI. Excess sulfide was sequestered by iron, preventing the discharge of dissolved sulfide. In the absence of ZVI, heavy metals were also significantly removed (> 99.8%) due to precipitation with hydroxide and carbonate ions released from the limestone. Vertical-profiles of heavy metals in the columns packing, at the end of the experiment, demonstrated that the ZVI columns still had excess capacity to remove heavy metals, while the capacity of the limestone control column was approaching saturation. The ZVI provided conditions that enhanced sulfate reduction and generated alkalinity. Collectively, the results demonstrate an innovative passive ARD remediation using ZVI as sole electron-donor.

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Baseline and premining geochemical characterization of mined sites

Cited by 57 publications

References 67 publications

Iron‐ and aluminium‐induced depletion of molybdenum in acidic environments impedes the nitrogen cycle

Iron‐ and aluminium‐induced depletion of molybdenum in acidic environments impedes the nitrogen cycle

Caracterización y modelación hidrogeoquímica de lixiviados mineros de San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. México

Treatment of acid rock drainage using a sulfate-reducing bioreactor with zero-valent iron

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