Baseline Dietary Restraint Predicts Negative Treatment Outcomes after 12 Months in Children and Adolescents with Obesity Participating in a Lifestyle Intervention

Albayrak, Özgür; Pott, Wilfried; Zwaan, Martina de; Pauli‐Pott, Ursula

doi:10.1159/000496940

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…These four studies also included one study that did find a significant association with weight loss at EOT, but the correlation was no longer significant at either follow‐up assessment (51). Additionally, the 10 studies with no significant associations included a study by Albayrak et al that found that higher baseline BE/LOC was associated with less weight loss, but results were not strong enough to be significant (36).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of binge eating, loss of control eating, and weight loss in children and adolescents

Moustafa

Quigley

Wadden

et al. 2021

Obesity

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Pediatric obesity is a global health concern. Rates of obesity in pediatric populations remain high in developed countries such as the United States and Canada, with prevalence rates of 18.5% and 13.1%, respectively (1). This is of particular importance because of the association of pediatric obesity with metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and a variety of other comorbidities (2). Current weightmanagement treatments for pediatric patients include behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery (3). These treatments can help patients lose weight. However, there has been concern that, in children and adolescents, they may promote or worsen disordered eating behaviors, such as binge eating (BE) and loss of control eating (LOC) (4). Several mechanisms have been proposed that may underlie this relationship (5). High levels of rigid dietary restraint have been identified as a central risk and maintaining factor of BE. Dieting may result in hunger and associated physiological responses, which may contribute to BE. In some individuals, externally or self-imposed dietary rules may be strict and increasingly difficult to sustain over the long term. The inevitable breaking of these rules may induce an all-or-none reaction, resulting in BE (i.e., the abstinence violation effect).BE is reported by 20% to 35% of youth seeking weight loss (6). BE is defined as "the subjective experience of loss of control while eating a reportedly objectively large amount of food" (7).In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) added binge eating disorder (BED) as an independent diagnosis for those who have recurrent BE episodes while

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies' samples had similar demographics. Twenty-four studies (82.8%) had majority-female samples, and only five had a majority of males (34)(35)(36)(37)(38). Additionally, race/ethnicity information on study samples was available for 18 studies.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of binge eating, loss of control eating, and weight loss in children and adolescents

Moustafa

Quigley

Wadden

et al. 2021

Obesity

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“…The majority of children and adolescents under supervised obesity treatment may have improvements or no change to ED risk profiles [72]. Higher baseline dietary restraint scores in obese children have been associated with increased rates of premature drop out from the intervention program compared to children who completed the program, independent of gender, age, and BMI z-score at baseline and mother's education level [73]. On the other hand, in a secondary analysis of an RCT focusing on changes in energy intake and diet quality during obesity treatment with post-treatment eating pathology in adolescents, there was no association between intensity of diet and EDs [74].…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: The Bidirectional Link

et al. 2021

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Obesity, eating disorders and unhealthy dieting practices among children and adolescents are alarming health concerns due to their high prevalence and adverse effects on physical and psychosocial health. We present the evidence that eating disorders and obesity can be managed or prevented using the same interventions in the pediatric age. In the presence of obesity in the pediatric age, disordered eating behaviors are highly prevalent, increasing the risk of developing eating disorders. The most frequently observed in subjects with obesity are bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorders, both of which are characterized by abnormal eating or weight-control behaviors. Various are the mechanisms overlying the interaction including environmental and individual ones, and different are the approaches to reduce the consequences. Evidence-based treatments for obesity and eating disorders in childhood include as first line approaches weight loss with nutritional management and lifestyle modification via behavioral psychotherapy, as well as treatment of psychiatric comorbidities if those are not a consequence of the eating disorder. Drugs and bariatric surgery need to be used in extreme cases. Future research is necessary for early detection of risk factors for prevention, more precise elucidation of the mechanisms that underpin these problems and, finally, in the cases requiring therapeutic intervention, to provide tailored and timely treatment. Collective efforts between the fields are crucial for reducing the factors of health disparity and improving public health.

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“…In recent years, longitudinal research with adults has shown that increases in restraint over time may be associated with greater weight loss, but this relation has not been reproduced in studies among children or adolescents [ 11 , 65 ]. In a study involving a clinical sample of adolescents with overweight and obesity participating in a lifestyle intervention, higher baseline dietary restraint scores predicted a lower BMI z-score reduction across the 12-month study period [ 66 ]. In our study, the cross-lagged effects between dietary restraint in grade 3 and BMIz in grade 4 were non-significant, meaning dietary restraint was not associated with a change in weight (BMIz) in grade 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Associations between Restrained Eating and Body Mass Index in Middle Childhood

et al. 2021

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The nature of the association between dietary restraint and weight has been examined in adult samples, but much less is known about this relationship among children. The current study examined the transactional associations among restrained eating behavior and weight among boys and girls during middle childhood. Data for this study came from 263 children participating in the Families and Schools for Health Project (FiSH), a longitudinal study of the psychosocial correlates of childhood obesity. Participants were interviewed by trained researchers in their third- and fourth-grade year when they completed questionnaires and anthropometric assessments. Dietary restraint was assessed using the restrained eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), and weight was assessed using Body Mass Index z-scores (BMIz). Bidirectional associations between variables were examined using cross-lagged models controlling for children’s sex, ethnicity, and weight in first grade. Results indicated that weight in grade 3 was related to greater dietary restraint in grade 4 (B = 0.20, p = 0.001), but dietary restraint in grade 3 was not associated with weight in grade 4 (B = 0.01, p = 0.64). Neither child sex nor race/ethnicity were associated with BMIz or dietary restraint at either time point. Findings from this study advance the existing limited understanding of eating behavior development among children and show that weight predicts increases in children’s dietary restraint in middle childhood.

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Baseline Dietary Restraint Predicts Negative Treatment Outcomes after 12 Months in Children and Adolescents with Obesity Participating in a Lifestyle Intervention

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

A systematic review of binge eating, loss of control eating, and weight loss in children and adolescents

A systematic review of binge eating, loss of control eating, and weight loss in children and adolescents

Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: The Bidirectional Link

Bidirectional Associations between Restrained Eating and Body Mass Index in Middle Childhood

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