“…Previous qualitative research on legitimacy crises lends support to the validity of these estimates. For instance, case studies on the WTO (Elsig, ; Esty, ), the IMF (e.g., Seabrooke, ), the ICC (Mills, ; Novak, ) and the OAS (Prevost, ) come to similar conclusions. In the case of the EU, previous studies on anti‐EU protests (Uba and Uggla, ) and on the Dutch and French referenda (Van Apeldoorn, ), as well as Eurobarometer data showing a significant rise in negative attitudes toward EU membership, are congruent with our findings and thus support our quantitative measurement.…”