Basic characteristics of ground vibration sensors for the detection of debris flow

Itakura, Y.; Fujii, Nobuhiro; Sawada, T.

doi:10.1016/s1464-1909(00)00091-5

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Since the vibrations can directly reflect the operation status and the health of machineries and infrastructures, the sensing of vibrations is of critical importance in equipment maintenance and environment monitoring. Up to date, various transducers have been fabricated for monitoring and detecting vibrations and impacts [56][57][58]. As an effective approach to convert vibrational motions into electricity, the TENGs can also serve as the self-powered active sensors for vibrations [35,36,41,50].…”

Section: Triboelectric Nanogenerators As Self-powered Active Vibratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered active sensors

2015

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The development of internet of things and the related sensor technology have been a key driving force for the rapid development of industry and information technology. The requirement of wireless, sustainable and independent operation is becoming increasingly important for sensor networks that currently could include thousands even to millions of sensor nodes with different functionalities. For these purposes, developing technologies of self-powered sensors that can utilize the ambient environmental energy to drive the operation themselves is highly desirable and mandatory. The realization of self-powered sensors generally has two approaches: the first approach is to develop environmental energy harvesting devices for driving the traditional sensors; the other is to develop a new category of sensors-self-powered active sensors-that can actively generate electrical signal itself as a response to a stimulation/triggering from the ambient environment. The recent invention and intensive development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as a new technology for mechanical energy harvesting can be utilized as self-powered active mechanical sensors, because the parameters (magnitude, frequency, number of periods, etc.) of the generated electrical signal are directly determined by input mechanical behaviors. In this review paper, we first briefly introduce the fundamentals of TENGs, including the four basic working modes. Then, the most updated progress of developing TENGs as self-powered active sensors is reviewed. TENGs with different working modes and rationally designed structures have been developed as self-powered active sensors for a variety of mechanical motions, including pressure change, physical touching, vibrations, acoustic waves, linear displacement, rotation, tracking of moving objects, and acceleration detection. Through combining the opencircuit voltage and the short-circuit current, the detection of both static and dynamic processes has been enabled. The integration of individual sensor elements into arrays or matrixes helps to

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Section: Triboelectric Nanogenerators As Self-powered Active Vibratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered active sensors

2015

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“…Peak discharge and total volume of debris flows are crucial for designing effective countermeasures in many populated mountain areas where losses of lives and property damage could be avoided. Different types of sensors systems designed both for debris flow deCorrespondence to: P. R. Tecca (pia.tecca@irpi.cnr.it) tection and warning, and for specific research purposes have been installed in Japan (Suwa and Okuda, 1985;Itakura et al, 2000), the Philippines (Marcial et al, 1996), Indonesia (Hadley, 1991;Lavigne et al, 2000), Columbia (LaHusen, 1996), China (Zhang, 1993) and Italy (Arattano et al, 1997;Genevois et al, 2000). In 1997 an automated monitoring system has been installed in the Acquabona channel (Dolomites, Eastern Italian Alps) aimed to the knowledge of the meteorological and hydrogeological conditions leading to debris flow initiation, the dynamic properties of debris flow motion and deposition processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic module of the Acquabona (Italy) debris flow monitoring system

Galgaro

Tecca

Genevois

et al. 2005

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.Monitoring of debris flows aimed to the assessment of their physical parameters is very important both for theoretical and practical purposes. Peak discharge and total volume of debris flows are crucial for designing effective countermeasures in many populated mountain areas where losses of lives and property damage could be avoided.This study quantifies the relationship between flow depth, acoustic amplitude of debris flow induced ground vibrations and front velocity in the experimental catchment of Acquabona, Eastern Dolomites, Italy. The analysis of data brought about the results described in the following. Debris flow depth and amplitude of the flow-induced ground vibrations show a good positive correlation. Estimation of both mean front velocity and peak discharge can be simply obtained monitoring the ground vibrations, through geophones installed close to the flow channel; the total volume of debris flow can be so directly estimated from the integral of the ground vibrations using a regression line. The application of acoustic technique to debris flow monitoring seems to be of the outmost relevance in risk reduction policies and in the correct management of the territory. Moreover this estimation is possible in other catchments producing debris flows of similar characteristics by means of their acoustic characterisation through quick and simple field tests (Standard Penetration Tests and seismic refraction surveys).

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“…Depending on the material, the absorption of the energy by the ground is higher or lower (Itakura et al, 2000;Suriñach et al, 2001;Biescas et al, 2003). Also the physical properties of the transmission medium affect the velocity of the waves.…”

Section: Ground Vibration Site-specific Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the ground vibration generated by debris flows and other torrential processes at the Rebaixader monitoring site (Central Pyrenees, Spain)

Abancó

Hürlimann

Moya

2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Monitoring of debris flows using ground vibration sensors has increased in the last two decades. However, the correct interpretation of the signals still presents ambiguity. In the Rebaixader monitoring site (Central Pyrenees, Spain) two different ground vibration stations are installed. At the first station the ground velocity signal is transformed into an impulses-per-second signal (low frequency, 1 Hz). The analysis of the data recorded at this station show that the shape of the impulses signal is one of the key parameters to describe the evolution of the event. At the second station the ground velocity signal is directly recorded at high frequency (250 Hz). The results achieved at this station show that the differences in time series and spectral analysis are helpful to describe the temporal evolution of the events. In addition, some general outcomes were obtained: the attenuation of the signal with the distance has been identified as linear to exponential; and the assembly of the geophones to the terrain has an important effect on the amplification of the signal. All these results highlight that the definition of ground vibration thresholds for debris-flow detection or warning purposes is a difficult task; and that influence of site-specific conditions is notable.

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Basic characteristics of ground vibration sensors for the detection of debris flow

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered active sensors

Triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered active sensors

Acoustic module of the Acquabona (Italy) debris flow monitoring system

Analysis of the ground vibration generated by debris flows and other torrential processes at the Rebaixader monitoring site (Central Pyrenees, Spain)

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