Basic effects on NOx emissions in air staging and reburning at a bench-scale test facility

Spliethoff, Hartmut; Greul, U.; Rüdiger, H.; Hein, K. R. G.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(95)00281-2

Cited by 188 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…At this condition, TCR and TGR show a better NO x reduction to that of gas reburning studies (Fig. 8a) at high initial NO x concentrations carried by Spliethoff et al [19]; Kicherer et al [5] and Bilbao et al [23] reported as being 53%, 58% and 24%, respectively, at an SR 2 = 0.92. In order for these previous gas reburning studies to reach a performance (77% reduction) matching that for tyre reburning at SR 2 = 0.92, a more fuel rich environment of 0.82, 0.8, and 0.5, respectively, is required.…”

Section: Pulverised Tyre As An Alternative Fuel For Nox Reburningmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Spliethoff et al (1996) , Bilbao et al (1997) and Kicherer et al (1994) in comparison to TCR and TGR . B -represents NO x reductions (%) of coal reburning studies of Kicherer et al (1994) in comparison to TCR and TGR .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with NO x reductions of previous reburn studies the literature data was carefully analysed and presented in a standard form involving the correction to 6 % O 2 , and converted from mg/m 3 to ppm as was the case for the research by Spliethoff et al [19]. The reburn study carried out by Maly et al [10] was reported as a function of the reburn fuel fraction (R ff %).…”

Section: Pulverised Tyre As An Alternative Fuel For Nox Reburningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The evaluation of waste tyre pulverised fuel for NOx reduction by reburning

Nimmo¹,

Singh²,

Gibbs³

et al. 2008

Fuel

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The combustion of coal for power generation will continue to play a major role in the future, however, this must be achieved using cleaner technologies than we use at present. Scrap tyre arisings in the UK are 400,000 tonnes per year amounting to 30 million tyres and in the EU as a whole, more than 2.5 million tonnes of tyres per year are scrapped. The recent EC Waste Landfill Directive (1999) sets a deadline for the banning of whole and shredded tyres from landfill sites by 2006. Consequently, there is an urgent need to find a mass disposal route for tyres. We describe, in this paper, a novel use for tyre rubber pulverized fuel in a NOx reburning process which may have an application in power station boilers. This method of disposal could represent a way of combining waste disposal, energy recovery and pollution control within one process. A preliminary study of micronised tyre combustion was undertaken to identify the suitable size ranges for application in NOx reduction by reburning. Tests were performed in a down-fired, pulverised fuel combustor (PFC) operating at about 80kW. Superior combustion characteristics i.e. burnout were achieved with particle sizes less than 250 µm. A South African coal was used as the primary fuel in the reburn tests and the tyre was fed pneumatically via a separate feed system. Parameters studied, were, reburn zone stoichiometry and reburn fuel fraction. Additionally, the carbon content of the ash was carefully monitored for any effect on burnout at the fuel-rich reburn stoichiometries. The NOx reductions achieved with tyres are compared with reburning with coal. NO x reductions up to 80% were achieved with tyres at half of the reburn fuel feed rate required to achieve the same reductions by coal. The results have been evaluated within the context of other studies available in the literature on NOx reburning by bituminous coal, brown coal, gas and biomass.

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Section: Pulverised Tyre As An Alternative Fuel For Nox Reburningmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulverised Tyre As An Alternative Fuel For Nox Reburningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The evaluation of waste tyre pulverised fuel for NOx reduction by reburning

Nimmo¹,

Singh²,

Gibbs³

et al. 2008

Fuel

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“…The main parameters involved in reburning under oxy-fuel conditions present similar trends to those observed in the literature for reburning in air. In general, reburning fuels, such as natural gas [21], coke-oven gas [18], synthesis gases [22], alcohols [23], coal pyrolysis and synthetic gases [24,25] and light fuel oils, should be volatile and highly reactive. These fuels should produce large amounts of CH i radicals while decomposing in the reduction zone.…”

Section: Reburning -Effective Methods Of No X Emission Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Oxides Emission Reduction using Sewage Sludge Gasification Gas Reburning Process / Obniżenie Emisji Tlenków Azotu Przy Użyciu Procesu Reburningu Gazem Ze Zgazowania Osadów Ściekowych

Werle

2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Nitrogen oxides can be formed in various combustion systems. Strategies for the control of NOx emissions in hard coal boilers include the primary (during the combustion) and secondary measures (after combustion). Reburning is the one of the most attractive techniques for reducing NOx emissions. In the last several years, reburning technology has been widely studied but almost only in power engineering big load boilers. Nevertheless, NOx emission is an issue that needs to be considered for small capacity boilers as nitrogen oxides resulting from the combustion of any fossil fuels contribute to the formation of acid rain and photochemical smog, which are significant causes of air pollution. Poland is among the largest coal producing country in Europe. Due to this fact, coal fired boilers are very popular in power engineering and also in the municipal sector. Simultaneously, Poland is characterized by the lack of sewage sludge thermal treatment installation. Gasification is considered as a one of the most perspective method of thermal utilization any carbon-containing material. Syngas, which is the main product of gasification, can be used as a supplemental fuel to reduce the consumption of main fuel in boilers, and it has the potential to reduce NOx emissions. The paper proposes to link those two Polish features so the aim of the work is an experimental investigation of the reburning process of sewage sludge gasification gas in a small capacity domestic coal-fired boiler. The results obtained show how the addition of the reburning fuel influences on NOx reduction efficiency.

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“…Air-staged combustion is one of the most efficient technologies for reducing NO x emissions and it has been the most widely adopted technology in coal-fired power plants around the globe [185]. A lot of laboratory, pilot-scale and full-scale research work have been carried out on NO x generation under air-staged conditions [192,[148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160] and most tests show a continuing decrease in NO x emissions as long as the amount of combustion air is shifted away from the burner and added as overfire air / oxidant at different levels to the furnace. This oxidant staging effect can reduce the conversion rate of coal-N to NO x by more than 50 % [161].…”

Section: Air Staging Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions of NOx emissions in pulverized coal combustion.

Hachenberg

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Basic effects on NOx emissions in air staging and reburning at a bench-scale test facility

Cited by 188 publications

References 1 publication

The evaluation of waste tyre pulverised fuel for NOx reduction by reburning

The evaluation of waste tyre pulverised fuel for NOx reduction by reburning

Nitrogen Oxides Emission Reduction using Sewage Sludge Gasification Gas Reburning Process / Obniżenie Emisji Tlenków Azotu Przy Użyciu Procesu Reburningu Gazem Ze Zgazowania Osadów Ściekowych

Predictions of NOx emissions in pulverized coal combustion.

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