Basic forensic identification of artificial leather for hit-and-run cases

Sano, Tetsuya; Suzuki, Shinichi

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.08.018

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…μXRF has been applied in the characterization of samples in both the materials and biological sciences. These include polymers, pharmaceuticals, forensics, art and archeological materials, paint chips, and bone . The instrumentation used is quite varied and may include either a synchrotron or a small laboratory‐based high voltage anode as the X‐ray source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional density measurements of ultra low density materials by X‐ray scatter using confocal micro X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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Targets used in high energy density physics experiments, such as those fielded at the National Ignition Facility, are typically made of multi‐component systems that include metals, metal coatings, and very low density materials. These very low density materials with densities as low as ~10 mg/cm3 must have uniform density throughout. Characterizing their density in 3D is a very difficult problem. One technique used is confocal micro X‐ray fluorescence. This technique, which uses a polycapillary optic to focus the X‐rays from the X‐ray source and another on the detector, measures the density of these materials based upon their X‐ray scatter. In order to gain a complete picture of their X‐ray scatter, the sample is rastered in 3D to generate a complete 3D density map. As proof of technique, the examination of very low density poly(styrene‐divinylbenzene) foams, poly(methylpentene) foams, as well as silica aerogels were completed. Results for the polymer foam materials show a linear correlation (R2 = 0.99) between X‐ray scatter intensity and bulk density. However, for higher atomic number materials (e.g. aerogels) the amount of X‐ray scatter is very dependent upon the depth of data collection as a result of the absorption of the X‐rays by the upper portions of the sample. This self‐absorption reduces the ability of this technique to quantify the density of the material in full 3D. Self‐absorption modeling will be required to compensate. Scans through the aerogel surface indicate an increased density at the surface due processing. Finally, a 3D image of a machined aerogel tube is presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional density measurements of ultra low density materials by X‐ray scatter using confocal micro X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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“…Sano and Suzuki demonstrates this indexing approach in their study using XRF to identify artificial leather in hit-and-run cases. 8 Their results of micro-FT-IR, color evaluation by Microspectrophotometry(MSP) and the identification of inorganic elements by XRF enabled the distinction of approximately 92% of 15,576 pair-wise comparisons. The authors concluded that XRF is instrumental in achieving the characterization of both smooth and suedelike artificial leather sheet.…”

Section: Applications Of Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Applications of Portable X‐ray Fluorescence Spectrometer: Glass Samples

Cheng

Huang

2014

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (PXRF) is a qualitative and semi-quantitative elemental analysis method. Recently, many researches using PXRF in the elemental analysis of materials have been reported. However, PXRF has not been extensively applied in forensic science, thus this study is devoted to demonstrate the utility of this technique through a rapid elemental analysis of glass samples for preliminary glass discrimination. Major elements such as Si, O, Ca, Al, and Na, as well as traces of Sr, Rb, K, Fe and Sn, in 25 glass samples were analyzed by PXRF. The amounts of some elements, such as Fe, K, Zr, and Sr, vary in different samples, while other elements, such as Th, are consistent in most tested glass samples. The results show that we can discriminate 98.31% of 7,500 pair-wise comparisons created from 25 glass samples. This study establishes PXRF as a new rapid method for the preliminary elemental analysis of glass, which shows a potential to be further applied for discrimination of glass samples in forensic field.

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“…XRF and micro-XRF have been applied to carpet fibers, (64) colorless acrylic and polyester fibers, (65) and artificial leather. (66) TXRF has been investigated for the analysis of colorless samples (single fibers and weighable amounts) of wool, viscose, and polyester, (67) as well as individual automotive carpet fibers. (68) These studies have shown that various fibers made of the same material (i.e.…”

Section: Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐Ray Fluorescence in Forensic ScienceUpdate based on the original article by Claude Roux and Chris Lennard,Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, © 2000, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Roux

Taudte

Lennard

2013

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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This article describes the applications of X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) as an analytical tool in forensic science, including its limitations and practical aspects. The use of XRF is specifically discussed for the analysis of materials of forensic interest such as metals, gunshot residues (GSRs), paint, glass, soil, fibers, plastic and general polymers, documents, and miscellaneous types of evidence. Developments such as biological tissues micro‐XRF, 3‐D micro‐XRF — an adaptation of micro‐XRF — and total XRF are also described. These specialized techniques have highly desirable characteristics for the elemental profiling of a wide range of forensic samples, and hence we can anticipate that they will find significant use in forensic laboratories in the future.

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Basic forensic identification of artificial leather for hit-and-run cases

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Three‐dimensional density measurements of ultra low density materials by X‐ray scatter using confocal micro X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy

Three‐dimensional density measurements of ultra low density materials by X‐ray scatter using confocal micro X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy

Forensic Applications of Portable X‐ray Fluorescence Spectrometer: Glass Samples

X‐Ray Fluorescence in Forensic ScienceUpdate based on the original article by Claude Roux and Chris Lennard,Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, © 2000, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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