Basic gait and symmetry measures for primary school-aged children and young adults whilst walking barefoot and with shoes

Lythgo, Noel; Wilson, Cameron; Galea, Mary P.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.07.119

Cited by 154 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In comparison with the other tests' graphs, the foot rotation graphs were not clear enough. Even though this study was kinematic and did not include children under 5 years old, the difference between adults and children under fi ve years old in ankle kinetics was also mentioned in the literature (15,16). This supports some late maturation of ankle joint movements or moments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Otherwise, because of the effect of joint kinematics, some statistical differences between equal groups may occur. Many of these results provide that a 7 year old child has similar gait with adults although there are some age maturity differences in gait kinematics (5). There are various factors of maturity of gait patterns, such as the muscle recruitment variability, immature strategies of equilibrium under 7 years old, immature sensory integration, developmental differences of body segments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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3d Motion Analysis Of Hip, Knee And Ankle Joints During Gait For 7-11 Aged Children

Cıgalı¹,

Ulucam²,

Bozer³

2010

TUTFD

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

3d Motion Analysis Of Hip, Knee And Ankle Joints During Gait For 7-11 Aged Children

Cıgalı¹,

Ulucam²,

Bozer³

2010

TUTFD

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“…Gait variables were converted to z-scores based on normative age-matched data. [36][37][38] The p values were then calculated using one sample Student's t-tests (two-tailed). Gait variables of participants aged 16 and 17 were presented as raw data but could not be included in the correlation analysis as there were no GAITRite normative data available for these ages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between cognitive dysfunction, gait, and motor impairment in children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1

Champion

Rose

Payne

et al. 2014

Develop Med Child Neuro

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AIM Motor skill impairment and cognitive dysfunction are commonly reported features of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We characterized and determined the relationship between motor impairment, gait variables, and cognitive function in children and adolescents with NF1.METHOD Motor function, gait, and neurocognitive abilities were assessed in 46 children and adolescents with NF1 (26 males, 20 females; age range 7-17y; mean age 11y 1mo, SD 3y 2mo). Tests to establish correlations between neurocognitive, motor, and gait variables were performed.RESULTS Compared with normative data, 28/39 of our NF1 cohort demonstrated impaired performance for balance and upper limb coordination and 16/38 for running speed and agility. Gait data revealed a strategy to preserve balance at the expense of velocity, with the unexpected exception of a tendency for reduced base of support. Neurocognitive testing confirmed mean IQ in the low average range (86.0) and deficits in spatial working memory and strategy generation. Significant correlations between a number of neurocognitive measures and motor abilities and gait were identified. The largest associations were between gait width and spatial working memory (r=0.594) and running speed and agility with strategy generation (r=0.549). INTERPRETATIONWe have identified a relationship between balance, running speed and agility, gait, and cognition in children with NF1. Findings suggest a shared abnormal neurodevelopmental process underlying some cognitive and motor abilities in NF1. Results are discussed within the context of evidence highlighting abnormal dopamine-mediated corticostriatal circuitry in NF1.Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition with a birth incidence of 1 in 2700 individuals.1 Caused by a mutation in the gene encoding neurofibromin on chromosome 17q11.2, NF1 is characterized by a diverse range of cutaneous, neurological, and neoplastic manifestations, including caf e-au-lait macules, skinfold freckling, neurofibromas, and optic pathway tumours. 2Skeletal anomalies have also been documented, including scoliosis, tibial dysplasia/pseudoarthrosis, and sphenoid wing dysplasia. Neurocognitive impairment is also well documented in children with NF1. 3,4 Although intelligence tends to be only mildly affected, specific impairments on measures of attention, executive function, language, and visual perception are common. Given the frequency and severity of cognitive deficits, it is not surprising that up to 70% of children with NF1 underachieve at school, with formal learning disability estimated to be present in approximately 50% of children. 5There is an emerging body of evidence demonstrating motor impairment as a common feature of NF1 in childhood. 4,6,7 Early research in this area documented problems with manual dexterity, balance, and ball skills, with 32% of children exhibiting severe impairment of coordination skills. Reduced motor competency may contribute to a range of poor outcomes for children with NF1. Gross motor skill impairments, fo...

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“…Etapa atacului cu călcâiul a fost împărţită în două sub-etape: prima reprezentată de un contact foarte scurt al călcâiului, după care articulaţia genunchiului s-a menţinut în extensie, iar cea de a doua reprezentată de contactul extension; another was overall contacting of the heel. Whereas, in child population, Hallemans [1] suggested that gait pattern of heel-strike was found in the age of 1.5 years; but other literatures implied that adult-like length, width and frequency of gait were obtained after the age of 13 [7]. Moreover, Fritz [8] explored the correlation between FW and BW in order to interpret the maturation of the gait.…”

Section: Introducereunclassified

Influence of Walking Direction on the Intra-Limb Coordination of Healthy Children Aged between Three and Six

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Xu³

et al. 2016

LFJ

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was first to compare the differences of coordination between forward walking (FW) and reversed backward walking (RevBW) in 40 healthy children aged between three and six; and then to explore interaction effects of age and direction of motion on intra-limb coordination. Kinematics of FW and RevBW of those subjects were measured by Coda motion system. Based on the Euler angle (EA) and angle velocity in knee (OAB), ankle (ABD) and metatarsophalangeal joint (MTH) INFLUENŢA DIRECŢIEI DE MERS ASUPRA COORDONĂRII MEMBRELOR INFERIOARE LA COPIII SĂNĂTOŞI CU VÂRSTE ÎNTRE TREI ŞI ŞASE ANIREZUMAT. Scopul acestui studiu a fost în primul rând de a compara diferenţele de coordonare dintre mersul înainte (FW) şi mersul înapoi inversat (RevBW), la 40 de copii sănătoşi, cu vârstele cuprinse între trei şi şase ani şi apoi de a explora efectele interacţiunii dintre vârstă şi direcţia de mişcare asupra coordonării membrelor. S-a măsurat cinematica mersului înainte şi a mersului înapoi inversat al acestor subiecţi utilizând sistemul Coda motion. Pornind de la unghiul lui Euler (EA) şi viteza unghiului la articulaţiile genunchilor (OAB), gleznelor (ABD) şi metatarsienelor (BDF), s-a calculat faza continuă relativă (CRP) între genunchi şi gleznă ( CRP θ (K-A)) şi între gleznă şi metatarsiene ( CRP θ (A-M)). S-a determinat coeficientul de variaţie între mersul înainte şi mersul înapoi inversat pentru fiecare variabilă EA şi CRP. S-au aplicat modelele statistice ale testului t independent şi testului t cu eşantioane pereche, precum şi analiza univariată cu un nivel de semnificaţie de 0,05 şi un interval de încredere de 95%. Rezultatele noastre arată că mersul înapoi inversat a crescut în mod semnificativ amplitudinea articulaţiilor genunchiului, gleznei şi metatarsienelor, iar majoritatea variabilelor CoV-EA inter-vârstă au fost mai puţin proeminente, cu excepţia CoV-EA (OAB), între vârsta de cinci şi şase ani. Variabilele amplitudine-EA au prezentat diferenţe semnificative între mersul înainte şi mersul înapoi inversat în fiecare grupă de vârstă. În ceea ce priveşte efectele interacţiunii, doar direcţia de mers a avut un impact semnificativ asupra variabilelor amplitudine-EA. În general, cu toate că mersul înapoi a crescut amplitudinea mişcării în zona articulaţiilor genunchiului, gleznei şi metatarsienelor, copiii cu vârste cuprinse între trei şi şase ani au dezvoltat un mecanism care permite sistemului nervos central să-şi controleze mersul în orice direcţie. CUVINTE CHEIE: direcţie de mers, coordonare, fază relativă continuă, copii L'INFLUENCE DE L'ORIENTATION DE MARCHE SUR LA COORDINATION ENTRE LES MEMBRES CHEZ LES ENFANTS SAINS ÂGÉS ENTRE TROIS ET SIX ANSRÉSUMÉ. Le but de cette étude a été d'abord de comparer les différences de coordination entre la marche avant (FW) et la marche arrière inversée (RevBW) chez 40 enfants en bonne santé âgés de trois à six ans et puis d'explorer les effets de l'interaction entre l'âge et la direction du mouvement sur la coordination intra-membre. La cinématique de la m...

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Basic gait and symmetry measures for primary school-aged children and young adults whilst walking barefoot and with shoes

Cited by 154 publications

References 15 publications

3d Motion Analysis Of Hip, Knee And Ankle Joints During Gait For 7-11 Aged Children

3d Motion Analysis Of Hip, Knee And Ankle Joints During Gait For 7-11 Aged Children

Relationship between cognitive dysfunction, gait, and motor impairment in children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1

Influence of Walking Direction on the Intra-Limb Coordination of Healthy Children Aged between Three and Six

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