Basic ionic liquids for catalysis: the road to greater stability

Abstract

Homogeneous and heterogenized basic ionic liquids as reaction catalysts have been highlighted, particularly where they are used to promote reactions that could form the basis of more sustainable energy and chemical production.

Acid and Base Water Coexists in a Micro‐Structured Ionic Liquid and Catalyzes Organic Reactions in One‐Pot

“…strongly supports that the microdroplets do not find each other after the sequential addition to [bmim][BF 4 ], keeping the corresponding pH values (<0 and >14, respectively). It is worth commenting here that the signals corresponding to the [bmim] carbene or carbene dimer are not visualized in the NMR spectrum, which indicates that the strong base KOH does not deprotonate the [bmim] cation up to 5 wt % water addition, and further supports the co‐stability of the ionic liquid and the base water solution [9] . Indeed, the characteristic green color of bmim carbenes and dimers is not observed [10]…”

“…It is worth commenting here that the signals corresponding to the [bmim] carbene or carbene dimer are not visualized in the NMR spectrum, which indicates that the strong base KOH does not deprotonate the [bmim] cation up to 5 wt % water addition, and further supports the co-stability of the ionic liquid and the base water solution. [9] Indeed, the characteristic green color of bmim carbenes and dimers is not observed. [10] The micro-structured acid/base liquid system was then tested as a catalytic/solvent system for organic reactions in one pot.…”

Effect of Acute Exposure to the Ionic Liquid 1-Methyl-3-octylimidazolium Chloride on the Embryonic Development and Larval Thyroid System of Zebrafish

“…Due to their unique characteristics, including low vapor pressure, heat resistance, and strong electrical conductivity, they have attracted the attention of investigators [ 1 , 2 ]. ILs are claimed to be nontoxic to the environment and therefore can be used as a replacement for traditional organic solvents in chemical catalysis, chemical analysis, agricultural production, and even pharmaceutical synthesis [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Unfortunately, in recent years, they have been found to pose a threat to the ecosystem because of uncompleted degradation by bacteria; subsequently, they cannot be considered “green” or “eco-friendly” [ 6 ].…”

Mechanism and conformation changes for the whole regeneration process of cellulose in pyridinium-based ionic liquids

“…Ionic liquid (IL) is a kind of material that is wholly composed of cation and anion. ILs become widely available for catalysis, separation, electrochemistry and medicine, because of their excellent thermal and chemical stability, low vapour pressure and strong designability (Cesari et al, 2019;Friess et al, 2021;McNeice et al, 2021;Md Moshikur et al, 2020;Tiago et al, 2020;Xiong et al, 2019;Zhang and Pesic, 2021). The premise of utilization of cellulose is to dissolve cellulose in solvent.…”