Basic performance and future developments of BeiDou global navigation satellite system

Yang, Yuanxi; Mao, Yue; Sun, Bo

doi:10.1186/s43020-019-0006-0

Cited by 371 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The BDS-3 basic system with 18 MEO satellites has started to provide initial global services on December 27, 2018 (Yang et al 2020b), and it is expected to provide full operational capability services by June 2020. At present (March 24, 2020), there are a total of 29 BDS-3 satellites in orbit, including 24 medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites, 3 Inclined Geo-Synchronous Orbit (IGSO) satellites and 2 geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of BDS-3 B1C/B1I/B2a triple-frequency signals on precise positioning and ambiguity resolution

Yang²,

et al. 2020

GPS Solut

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BDS-3 currently has 28 operational satellites in orbit, of which 27 IGSO/MEO satellites provide open services on five frequencies simultaneously. In particular, the linear combinations of the BDS-3 B1C/B1I/B2a signals have significant benefits in reducing the influence of ionospheric delay error as well as improving ambiguity estimation and positioning accuracy. The presented optimal ionosphere-free combination (242, 218, − 345) and ionosphere-reduced combination (2, 2, − 3) can improve the measurement accuracy by about 20% compared to the BDS-3 B1C/B2a or GPS L1/L5 dual-frequency combination. The ionosphere-reduced combination (2, 2, − 3) with a wavelength of 10.9 cm is almost immune to the ionospheric delay error and has a smaller noise amplification factor compared to the existing dual-frequency combinations. Therefore, its combined ambiguities can be fixed directly even in the case of a long baseline, which can simplify the traditional precise positioning process based on the ionosphere-free combination. The numerical results of BDS-3 real data show that the triplefrequency ionosphere-free or ionosphere-reduced combinations can improve the single-point positioning accuracy by 16-20% and the phase differential positioning accuracy by 7-9%, respectively. The ambiguity resolution of the ionosphere-reduced combination (2, 2, − 3) is achieved with a fixing rate of 88.4% over long baseline up to 1600 km. The presented ionospherefree and ionosphere-reduced combinations are also very promising to be applied in current PPP applications to simplify the ambiguity fixing process as well as improve positioning accuracy and shorten convergence time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of BDS-3 B1C/B1I/B2a triple-frequency signals on precise positioning and ambiguity resolution

Yang²,

et al. 2020

GPS Solut

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“…The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) constructed and operated by China. The ambitious BDS constellation consists of Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites, Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) satellites, and Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) Satellites [1]. So far, China has launched 53 satellites [2], and more than 40 of which are currently transmitting navigation signals [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A BeiDou Signal Acquisition Approach Using Variable Length Data Accumulation Based on Signal Delay and Multiplication

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The secondary modulation with the Neumann-Hoffman code increases the possibility of bit sign transition. Unlike other GNSS signals, there is no pilot component for synchronization in BeiDou B1/B3 signals, which increases the complexity in acquisition. A previous study has shown that the delay and multiplication (DAM) method is able to eliminate the bit sign transition problem, but it only applies to pretty strong signals. In this paper, a DAM-based BeiDou signal acquisition approach, called variable length data accumulation (VLDA), is proposed to acquire weak satellite signals. Firstly, the performance of DAM method versus the different delays is analyzed. The DAM operation not only eliminates bit sign transition, but it also increases noise power. Secondly, long-term signal is periodically accumulated to improve signal intensity in order to acquire weak signals. While considering the Doppler frequency shift of ranging codes, the signal length must be compensated before accumulating long-term signal. Finally, the fast-Fourier-transform based parallel code phase algorithm are used for acquisition. The simulation results indicate that the proposed VLDA method has better acquisition sensitivity than traditional non-coherent integration method under the same calculation amount. The VLDA method only requires approximately 27.5% of calculations to achieve the same acquisition sensitivity (35 dBHz). What is more, the actual experimental results verify the feasibility of the VLDA method. It can be concluded that the proposed approach is an effective and feasible method for solving the bit sign transition problem.

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“…The second step is to complete the construction of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite (regional) System (BDS-2) and provide services to the Asia-Pacific region by the end of 2012 (Yang et al 2014). The third step is to complete BDS and provide services around 2020 (China Satellite Navigation Office 2016; Yang et al 2018Yang et al , 2019Yang et al , 2020. With the successful launch of the last Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite on 23rd June 2020, BDS has completed the constellation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the global coverage capacity of the BDS has been further improved, and all the availability of space signals has also reached a world-class level. To be more specific, due to the existence of high-orbit satellites (GEO and IGSO satellites, that is, geostationary and inclined geostationary orbit satellites), the number of visible satellites in the Asia-pacific region is between 7 and 15, and the average amount is about 11 (China Satellite Navigation Office 2019a, b; Yang et al 2018Yang et al , 2020.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…According to the official document, The Application Service Architecture of the BDS, the BDS-3 will provide a total of six satellite-based services (China Satellite Navigation Office 2016), including Radio Navigation Satellite Service (RNSS) and featured services. BDS will highly integrate Regional Short Message Communication (RSMC), Global Short Message Communication (GSMC), Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS), International Search and Rescue (SAR), Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and other featured services, with more intensive and efficient system functions (Yang et al 2019(Yang et al , 2020.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Global capabilities of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

Jun

Guo

2020

Satell Navig

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The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has completed the constellation deployment and started to provide global services. After achieving the capabilities of global coverage, global first-class accuracy for Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT), global Inter-Satellite Links (ISL) networking, and global featured services, BDS will promote the construction of the comprehensive PNT infrastructure in the new era and play a more active role in international cooperation with other Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) providers to better serve humankind and the world.

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Basic performance and future developments of BeiDou global navigation satellite system

Cited by 371 publications

References 20 publications

Benefits of BDS-3 B1C/B1I/B2a triple-frequency signals on precise positioning and ambiguity resolution

Benefits of BDS-3 B1C/B1I/B2a triple-frequency signals on precise positioning and ambiguity resolution

A BeiDou Signal Acquisition Approach Using Variable Length Data Accumulation Based on Signal Delay and Multiplication

Global capabilities of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

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