Basic spirometry testing and interpretation for the primary care provider

Haynes, Jeffrey M

doi:10.29390/cjrt-2018-017

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…None of the patients had previous lung disease or environmental exposure associated with the occurrence and magnitude of their injuries during the follow-up period; thus, the development of TSP-HAM was considered to be the only associated factor. Although previous reports have described pulmonary involvement in individuals infected with HTLV-1 regardless of their clinical characteristics [ 12 , 35 , 36 ], most studies have found differences between patients with clinical features of inflammatory diseases related to asymptomatic carriers of viral infection [ 7 , 32 , 37 , 38 ] with a higher frequency of pulmonary involvement among individuals with TSP-HAM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The downward trend in VC, FVC, and FEV1, with the maintenance of normal FEV1/FVC values may indicate the development of restrictive lung disease; however the restriction must be confirmed by measuring lung values and documenting total lung capacity below normal limits [ 38 ]. The MVV measure is related to the level of physical activity in daily life, applied to individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 39 ], and the tendency of decreased values in HTLV-1 positive individuals may be related to the development of motor changes related to myelopathy associated with HTLV-1 infection or tropical spastic paraparesis [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computed tomography with 6-year follow-up demonstrates the evolution of HTLV-1 related lung injuries: A cohort study

et al. 2021

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Previous observational studies have demonstrated the development of pulmonary impairments in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected individuals. The main observed lesions due to chronic inflammation of viral infection in situ are bronchiectasis and lung-scarring injuries. This lung inflammation may be the causal agent of restrictive and obstructive lung diseases, primarily in tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP-HAM) patients. We conducted a prospective cohort study to compare spirometry and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings among 28 HTLV-1-carrier patients over the course of 6 years (2014–2019) (male/female: 7/21; mean age: 54.7 ± 9.5, range: 41–68 years). Chest HRCT exams revealed the development and evolution of lung lesions related to TSP-HAM: including centrilobular nodules, parenchymal bands, lung cysts, bronchiectasis, ground-glass opacity, mosaic attenuation, and pleural thickening. Spirometry exams showed maintenance of respiratory function, with few alterations in parameters suggestive of obstructive and restrictive disorders primarily in individuals with lung lesions and TSP-HAM. The findings of the present study indicate that pulmonary disease related to HTLV-1 is a progressive disease, with development of new lung lesions, mainly in individuals with TSP-HAM. To improve clinical management of these individuals, we recommend that individuals diagnosed with PET-MAH undergo pulmonary evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomography with 6-year follow-up demonstrates the evolution of HTLV-1 related lung injuries: A cohort study

et al. 2021

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“…Other studies went beyond questionnaire-based self-reported experience of respiratory symptoms and employed spirometry testing, which is a lung function test used to assess how well a person’s lungs work by measuring how much air they inhale, how much and how quickly they exhale [ 47 ]. It is also one of the most commonly used methods to diagnose respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic bronchitis [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also one of the most commonly used methods to diagnose respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic bronchitis [ 48 ]. However, this approach is challenging because the results of spirometry testing are dependent on proper calibration of the instrument, proper training of personnel who are conducting the test, and selecting an appropriate reference population [ 47 ]. Despite these challenges, current practice dictates that spirometry testing is the most appropriate tool to differentiate between normal lung function and obstructive and restrictive respiratory diseases; however, it requires proper handling of the data and use of the spirometer to provide accurate results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review of Occupational Air Pollution and Respiratory Health in Farmworkers

Clarke

Manrique

Sabo-Attwood

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The agricultural crop sector in the United States depends on migrant, seasonal, and immigrant farmworkers. As an ethnic minority group in the U.S. with little access to health care and a high level of poverty, farmworkers face a combination of adverse living and workplace conditions, such as exposure to high levels of air pollution, that can place them at a higher risk for adverse health outcomes including respiratory infections. This narrative review summarizes peer-reviewed original epidemiology research articles (2000–2020) focused on respirable dust exposures in the workplace and respiratory illnesses among farmworkers. We found studies (n = 12) that assessed both air pollution and respiratory illnesses in farmworkers. Results showed that various air pollutants and respiratory illnesses have been assessed using appropriate methods (e.g., personal filter samplers and spirometry) and a consistent pattern of increased respiratory illness in relation to agricultural dust exposure. There were several gaps in the literature; most notably, no study coupled occupational air exposure and respiratory infection among migrant, seasonal and immigrant farmworkers in the United States. This review provides an important update to the literature regarding recent epidemiological findings on the links between occupational air pollution exposures and respiratory health among vulnerable farmworker populations.

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“…Spirometry was considered to be suggestive of asthma in undiagnosed patients when the forced expiratory volume in the first second predicted value was <80% [11]. In diagnosed asthma patients, a forced expiratory volume in the first second <80% was considered moderate disease and ≤60% as severe disease.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction: Oral Steroids and Olfactory Training versus Olfactory Training Alone: Is There any Benefit from Steroids?

Genetzaki

Tsakiropoulou

Nikolaidis

et al. 2021

ORL

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Introduction: There are limited treatment options for postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD). Olfactory training has recently been used in clinical practice, but no medical treatment is widely accepted. Although there is weak evidence for their value, some physicians use oral corticosteroids as first-line treatment. The aim of this study was to compare combined oral methylprednisolone and olfactory training with olfactory training alone in the management of PIOD. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 131 patients with PIOD over a 2-year period before the COVID-19 pandemic. Seventy-eight patients who were treated with oral methylprednisolone and olfactory training (group A) were compared with 53 patients who were treated with olfactory training only (group B). Olfactory function was evaluated with “Sniffin’ Sticks” at baseline and 2, 8, and 16 weeks after initial assessment. Patients who improved after steroid treatment underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses, skin prick tests, lung spirometry, and sputum eosinophil assessment. Results: Oral steroids improved 19.23% of patients (n = 15) of group A. History, clinical evaluation, imaging, and laboratory tests identified an inflammatory background in half of them (n = 8). The remaining 7 had no findings of nasal inflammation, and all had a short history of olfactory dysfunction. Both groups significantly improved in olfactory testing results at the end of the olfactory training scheme without significant difference between them. Conclusions: The percentage of improved patients after oral methylprednisolone was relatively low to suggest it as first-line treatment. Half of the improved patients had an underlying upper airway inflammatory condition not related to the infection that caused the acute loss of olfactory function.

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Basic spirometry testing and interpretation for the primary care provider

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Computed tomography with 6-year follow-up demonstrates the evolution of HTLV-1 related lung injuries: A cohort study

Computed tomography with 6-year follow-up demonstrates the evolution of HTLV-1 related lung injuries: A cohort study

A Narrative Review of Occupational Air Pollution and Respiratory Health in Farmworkers

Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction: Oral Steroids and Olfactory Training versus Olfactory Training Alone: Is There any Benefit from Steroids?

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