Basic wood properties of European larch from fast-growth plantations in eastern Canada

Keith, C. T.; Chauret, G.

doi:10.1139/x88-204

Cited by 22 publications

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“…Afterwards, with the exception of the Japanese larch, a slight drop in specific gravity was observed moving from the heartwoodsapwood boundary towards the bark. This trend belongs to the Type two density variation as defined by Panshin and De Zeeuw (1980), and appears similar to that for European larch tested by Keith and Chauret (1988).…”

Section: Radial Variation Of Basic Wood Properties From the Pith To Barksupporting

confidence: 85%

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Wood properties of exotic larch grown in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States

Chui¹,

MacKinnon-Peters²

1995

The Forestry Chronicle

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The rapid growth performance of exotic larch such as Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis (Sieb. et Zucc) Gord.) and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) has attracted the attention of the forestry sector in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States for lumber and pulp production. While growth performance of these species in North America has been well documented, little is known with regards to their wood properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the primary lumber grade yields, mechanical properties, fiber length, specific gravity and cold-water soluble extractives of larch from plantations in Maine, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Samples were obtained from a Japanese (age 31), three European (age 17, 34 and 63) and one Japanese × European hybrid (age 22-27) larch stands. It was found that the structural grade yields of these species were relatively low because of the influence of knots. The mechanical properties (modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity) of the mature European larch appeared to be comparable with published data for some native softwood species. Fiber length, specific gravity and cold-water soluble extractive content of all samples were similar to those found for other softwood species which are used for pulp production. Fiber length of the juvenile wood of European larch was significantly shorter than that of mature wood. Extractive content was highest in newly formed heartwood. Contrary to common belief, extractive content in young trees may not be low. Key words: Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis Gord.), European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), European × Japanese hybrid (Larix eurolepis), Wood properties, Lumber yields

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Section: Radial Variation Of Basic Wood Properties From the Pith To Barksupporting

confidence: 85%

“…No clear differences in fiber length were detected among the other heights. It is not known why this trend occured, but it was similar to results obtained by Keith and Chauret (1988) for European larch. For the cold-water soluble extractive content, the trends were also unclear (Fig.…”

Section: Axial Variation Of Wood Propertiessupporting

confidence: 79%

Wood properties of exotic larch grown in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States

Chui¹,

MacKinnon-Peters²

1995

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…Einspahr et al (1984) reported that older (50-year-plus) and slower grown larch has a high proportion of arabinogalactan. Keith & Chauret (1988), however, reported that pulp produced from short-rotation (18-to 24-year-old) plantationgrown larch had about 50 percent less extractives then the amounts reported by Einspahr et al (1984). Arabinogalactan can be a detriment to the pulping process (Bobrov andMutovina 1971, Kucherenko andNovikov 1971) and even in small amounts can prevent the setting and hardening of Portland cement (Xu 1984).…”

Section: Uses Of Larchmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…It may be possible to include up to a 30% larch mixture in the wood supply of a pulp mill (Lawford 1987). A problem associated with the use of pulp obtained from the genus Larix is the amount of arabinogalactan extractives contained in the wood cells of older trees (Keith and Chauret 1988). Arabinogalactan is a water-soluble molecule typically found in the heartwood and at the heartwood/sapwood interface (Cote et al 1966) of all Larix species.…”

Section: Uses Of Larchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends in management practices for European larch in North America

Gilmore¹,

David²

2002

The Forestry Chronicle

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European larch (Larix decidua Miller) was introduced to North America in the mid-19 th century. Its rapid growth led to its use as a reforestation species in northeastern North America during the early part of the 20 th century. Proper site selection and vegetation management are crucial to the successful establishment and productivity of this species. On comparable sites, yields of European larch commonly exceed those of native species. Management practices and applied research for this species in North America include the refinement of 1) site selection criteria, 2) growth and yield tables, and 3) optimal density management and stocking levels, 4) product utilization and marketing, and 5) the advancement of tree improvement programs.Key words: growth and yield, productivity, silviculture, tree improvement Le mélèze européen (Larix decidua Miller) a été introduit en Amérique du Nord au milieu du XIXe siècle. Sa croissance rapide l'a amené à être utiliser comme espèce pour le reboisement dans le nord-est de l'Amérique du Nord au début du XXe siècle. La sélec-tion adéquate de la station et le contrôle de la végétation sont essentiels pour une croissance réussie et la productivité de cette espèce. Sur des stations comparables, les rendements du mélèze européen excèdent habituellement ceux des espèces indigènes. Les pratiques d'aménagement et la recherche appliquée pour cette espèce en Amérique du Nord touchent le raffinement 1) des critères de sélection des stations, 2) des tables de croissance et de rendement, 3) de l'aménagement selon une densité optimale et les niveaux de densité relative des tiges, 4) l'utilisation et la mise en marché des produits, et 5) la poursuite des programmes d'amélioration génétique.

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“…is a tree species with fast growth, valuable timber and a relatively high resistance to unfavourable environmental conditions and pests [35]. Despite the limited natural distribution, it is a frequent subject of introduction and breeding programmes over Europe and overseas [8,10,16,21,25]. Unfortunately, its natural and artificial regeneration is hampered by a high percentage of normalappearing but empty seeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zygotic embryogenesis and empty seed formation in European larch (Larix decidua Mill.)

Slobodník

Guttenberger²

2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Zygotic embryo development and its influence on empty seed formation of the European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) was studied within a seed orchard in the Slovak Republic. Histological study revealed a fertilization date early June. Although embryogenesis was most intensive in June, fully morphologically differentiated embryos were observed no earlier than in the second half of July. Multiple fertilization and simple polyembryony were relatively rare but their frequencies correlated with the efficiency of pollination. Only a small percentage of developing embryos reached full maturity. Degeneration included suppressed embryos from polyembryony as well as normal embryos occupying the optimal position within the corrosion cavity of the female gametophyte. The mean proportion of fertilized ovules without a viable embryo was 61% after open pollination and as high as 88% after controlled selfing. In total, embryo degeneration reduced the potential full seed percentage by almost 40% and is therefore considered the most important cause of unsound seed development in European larch.larch / embryo / embryogenesis / empty seed Résumé -Embryogenèse zygotique et formation des graines vides chez le mélèze d'Europe (Larix decidua Mill.). Le développement des embryons zygotiques et son influence sur la formation des graines vides du mélèze d'Europe (Larix decidua Mill.) ont été observés en condition de verger à graines en République Slovaque. L'étude histologique révèle que la période de fécondation la plus fréquente est le début du mois de juin. Bien que l'embryogenèse soit la plus intensive en juin, les embryons morphologiquement les plus différenciés sont observés dans la deuxième moitié du mois de juillet. Même si la fécondation multiple et la polyembryonie simple sont relativement rares, elles sont corrélées avec une pollinisation abondante. Le pourcentage d'embryons développés est très faible. La dégénérescence a affecté les embryons opprimés de polyembryonie ainsi que les embryons ayant la position optimale dans le gamétophyte femelle. La moyenne des ovules fécondés ne présentant pas d'embryon vivant a atteint 61 % après pollinisation libre et près de 88 % d'ovules après autopollinisation contrôlée. En moyenne, la dégénérescence des embryons a réduit le pourcentage potentiel de graines pleines de presque 40 % et c'est pourquoi elle est considérée comme la cause principale de la formation des graines vides chez le mélèze d'Europe. mélèze / embryon / embryogenèse / graine vide

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Basic wood properties of European larch from fast-growth plantations in eastern Canada

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Wood properties of exotic larch grown in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States

Wood properties of exotic larch grown in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States

Current trends in management practices for European larch in North America

Zygotic embryogenesis and empty seed formation in European larch (Larix decidua Mill.)

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