Basics of Energy Production through Anaerobic Digestion of Livestock Manure

Ileleji, Klein E.; Martin, Chad; Jones, D. D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407909-0.00017-1

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Biogas is comprised of mostly methane and carbon dioxide, and the methane can be captured for energy use (e.g., heat, electricity) or is flared. Depending on the type of organic waste, anaerobic digestion has a typical treatment time of 20 d (Ileleji et al, 2008). Consistency is critical for an efficient anaerobic digestion process, especially related to temperature, organic loading rate, and pH.…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anaerobic digestion typically takes place at mesophilic temperatures of 35 to 37°C, but some facilities use thermophilic temperatures of approximately 55°C (Ileleji et al, 2008). Thermophilic anaerobic digestion has been shown to reduce levels of indicator pathogens (e.g., Escherichia coli) more effectively than mesophilic digestion, with the rate of removal dependent on temperature and the length of time the organic waste is incubated (Pandey and Soupir, 2011).…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance during Digestion and Composting: A Review

Youngquist

Mitchell

Cogger³

2016

J. Environ. Qual.

176

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Antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) enter the environment through municipal and agricultural waste streams and pose a potential risk to human and livestock health through either direct exposure to antibiotic-resistant pathogens or selective pressure on the soil microbial community. This review summarizes current literature on the fate of antibiotics, ARB, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion and composting of manure and wastewater residuals. Studies have shown that removal of antibiotics varies widely during mesophilic anaerobic digestion, even within the same class of antibiotics. Research on ARB shows a wide range of removal under mesophilic conditions, with nearly complete removal under thermophilic conditions. Research on 16 antibiotics in 11 different studies using both bench-scale and farm-scale composting systems demonstrates that composting significantly reduces levels of extractable antibiotics in livestock manure in nearly all cases. Calculated half-lives ranged from 0.9 to 16 d for most antibiotics. There is more limited evidence that levels of ARB are also reduced by composting. Studies of the fate of ARGs show mixed evidence for removal during both mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion and during thermophilic composting. Antibiotic resistance genes are DNA structures, so they may persist until the DNA structure is degraded, yet the bacterium may have been rendered nonviable long before the DNA is completely degraded. Additional research would be of value to determine optimum anaerobic digestion and composting conditions for removal of ARB and to increase understanding of the fate of ARGs during anaerobic digestion and composting.

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Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance during Digestion and Composting: A Review

Youngquist

Mitchell

Cogger³

2016

J. Environ. Qual.

176

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“…In AD processes, 616 organic materials are degraded by bacteria converting it into a gas mixture, called biogas 617 ( Figure 4). Biogas is generally composed of about 60% CH 4 and 40% CO 2 (139,140). Four 618 successive biological processes are involved in the anaerobic degradation of OM including 619 hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis (141).…”

Section: Bio-drying 605mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four 618 successive biological processes are involved in the anaerobic degradation of OM including 619 hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis (141). The digestate from the 620 digester is a more stable product rich in ammonium and other nutrients that can be a good 621 source of fertilizer (139,142). The microorganisms involved in this process are sensitive to 622 manure properties, including: pH, temperature and ammoniacal nitrogen (143).…”

Section: Bio-drying 605mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment Processes of Biomass for Biorefineries: Current Status and Prospects

Cantero

Jara

Navarrete

et al. 2019

Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng.

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This article seeks to be a handy document for the academy and the industry to get quickly up to speed on the current status and prospects of biomass pretreatment for biorefineries. It is divided into two biomass sources: vegetal and animal. Vegetal biomass is the material produced by plants on land or in water (algae), consuming sunlight, CO2, water, and soil nutrients. This includes residues or main products from, for example, intensive grass crops, forestry, and industrial and agricultural activities. Animal biomass is the residual biomass generated from the production of food from animals (e.g., manure and whey). This review does not mean to include every technology in the area, but it does evaluate physical pretreatments, microwave-assisted extraction, and water treatments for vegetal biomass. A general review is given for animal biomass based in physical, chemical, and biological pretreatments.

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“…Methodology for the calculation of biogas production potential from livestock manure For determination of biogas production potential from livestock residues the estimations proposed by Lleleji [24] and Guo Guo [25] were used. 2011 year was used as a base for the number of livestock (Table 1) in calculation.…”

Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%