Basics of seeing motion

Ehrenstein, Walter H.

doi:10.1590/s0004-27492003000600006

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…1 and 2 ). The reasoning behind visual rotational velocity is that the human eye can perceive rotational velocities through rotational (optic) flow (Ehrenstein 2003 ). Visual vertical is included because human eyes tend to find earth vertical or horizontal objects such as trees, buildings, and horizons to orient themselves with respect to the earth (Cano Porras et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vision in sensory integration models for predicting motion perception and sickness

Kotian,

Irmak,

Pool

et al. 2024

Exp Brain Res

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Users of automated vehicles will engage in other activities and take their eyes off the road, making them prone to motion sickness. To resolve this, the current paper validates models predicting sickness in response to motion and visual conditions. We validate published models of vestibular and visual sensory integration that have been used for predicting motion sickness through sensory conflict. We use naturalistic driving data and laboratory motion (and vection) paradigms, such as sinusoidal translation and rotation at different frequencies, Earth-Vertical Axis Rotation, Off-Vertical Axis Rotation, Centrifugation, Somatogravic Illusion, and Pseudo-Coriolis, to evaluate different models for both motion perception and motion sickness. We investigate the effects of visual motion perception in terms of rotational velocity (visual flow) and verticality. According to our findings, the SVCI model, a 6DOF model based on the Subjective Vertical Conflict (SVC) theory, with visual rotational velocity input is effective at estimating motion sickness. However, it does not correctly replicate motion perception in paradigms such as roll-tilt perception during centrifuge, pitch perception during somatogravic illusion, and pitch perception during pseudo-Coriolis motions. On the other hand, the Multi-Sensory Observer Model (MSOM) accurately models motion perception in all considered paradigms, but does not effectively capture the frequency sensitivity of motion sickness, and the effects of vision on sickness. For both models (SVCI and MSOM), the visual perception of rotational velocity strongly affects sickness and perception. Visual verticality perception does not (yet) contribute to sickness prediction, and contributes to perception prediction only for the somatogravic illusion. In conclusion, the SVCI model with visual rotation velocity feedback is the current preferred option to design vehicle control algorithms for motion sickness reduction, while the MSOM best predicts perception. A unified model that jointly captures perception and motion sickness remains to be developed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vision in sensory integration models for predicting motion perception and sickness

Kotian,

Irmak,

Pool

et al. 2024

Exp Brain Res

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“…Problemstellung: Insbesondere in den schnellen Ballsportarten und Rückschlagspielen wird ein gutes dynamisches Sehen verlangt [12]. Über die Retina wird das afferente dynamische Sehen vermittelt, das den Reiz für das efferente dynamische Sehen setzt [6,12,14]. Ziel der Studie war es, die dynamische Sehleistung von Sportlern aus Sportarten mit unterschiedlichen Anforderungen an das dynamische Sehen (DS) zu untersuchen.…”

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“…Aim of Study: In particular, in the quick ball and racket games a good dynamic seeing is required [12]. The afferent dynamic seeing occurs via the retiina which mediates the stimuli for efferent dynamic seeing [6,12,14]. The aim of this study was to examine the dynamic visual acuity of sportsmen from sports with different demands on their dynamic seeing (DS).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamisches Sehen von Sportlern mit unterschiedlichem Anforderungsprofil an den visuellen Apparat

Lüder

Andexer²,

Witte³

et al. 2011

Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

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“…A further seemingly strong argument against a significant role of scene and form analysis in classical apparent motion stems from Wertheimer's (1912) observation that classical apparent-motion stimuli can evoke an impression of motion, even though the two stimulus elements are perceived as stationary. Since this so-called`pure phi' or`objectless' motion is experienced as detached from the stimulus objects giving rise to the impression, this has been taken as evidence that motion can be perceived in pure form without being associated with any specific spatial object (Wertheimer 1912;Boring 1950;O'Neil and Landauer 1966;Grossberg 1998;Ehrenstein 2003;Hock and Nichols 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Occlusion Cues in Apparent Motion

Ekroll

Borzikowsky

2010

Perception

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Classical apparent motion stimuli exhibit an inherent ambiguity with respect to the onsets and offsets of the stimulus elements. Sigman and Rock (1974, Perception 3 9-28) presented evidence suggesting that occlusion cues are used to resolve this ambiguity. We present results from experiments designed to further test predictions of this hypothesis. As expected, we found that the apparent motion of a target stimulus is suppressed when a 'moving' occluder is positioned such that it rationalises the onsets and offsets of the stimulus elements constituting the target. Somewhat unexpectedly, though, we also observed a slight tendency for motion suppression under conditions where the target was only partially occluded. The expected motion suppression occurred both with solid occluders and purely virtual Kanizsa-like occluders, although it was not always observed in the latter case. Motion suppression was found to occur over a wide range of stimulus onset asynchronies. Finally, we used binocular disparity cues to test the occlusion account of the motion suppression phenomenon against an alternative explanation in terms of attentional factors. The results are in clear favour of the occlusion account.

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Basics of seeing motion

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

The role of vision in sensory integration models for predicting motion perception and sickness

The role of vision in sensory integration models for predicting motion perception and sickness

Dynamisches Sehen von Sportlern mit unterschiedlichem Anforderungsprofil an den visuellen Apparat

The Role of Occlusion Cues in Apparent Motion

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