Basin and petroleum systems modelling to characterise multi-source hydrocarbon generation: A case study on the inner Moray Firth, UK North Sea

Perkins, JM; Fraser, A. J.; Muxworthy, Adrian R.; Neumaier, Martin; Schenk, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2023.106180

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Generally, hydrocarbons produce reductive environments leading to the formation of iron sulphides (Machel, 1995; Zhang et al., 2018), however, in very low‐sulfur hydrocarbon environments, magnetite formation has been widely observed and reported (e.g., Perkins, 2022). Perkins (2022) suggests that the magnetite is formed in relatively small quantities during the dehydroxylation of goethite to hematite, however, given magnetite's relatively strong magnetic properties, it dominates the NRM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical processes leading to magnetic mineral formation in the presence of hydrocarbons is complex, and depends on the complex interplay between the host reservoir rocks, sulfur content of the hydrocarbons, origin of the hydrocarbons, the redox conditions and temperature/depth of remagnetization (Abdulkarim et al., 2022; Badejo et al., 2021; Machel, 1995; Perkins, 2022). Generally, hydrocarbons produce reductive environments leading to the formation of iron sulphides (Machel, 1995; Zhang et al., 2018), however, in very low‐sulfur hydrocarbon environments, magnetite formation has been widely observed and reported (e.g., Perkins, 2022). Perkins (2022) suggests that the magnetite is formed in relatively small quantities during the dehydroxylation of goethite to hematite, however, given magnetite's relatively strong magnetic properties, it dominates the NRM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining Paleomagnetic and Re‐Os Isotope Data to Date Hydrocarbon Generation and Accumulation Processes

Zhang

Jia

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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Determining the spatial and temporal evolution of hydrocarbon reservoir systems helps us to improve yield from mature reservoir systems, thus reducing the need for further exploration as the world moves toward a carbon-free future. The evolution of such hydrocarbon systems can be problematic due to a number of processes, which can contribute to, for example, the maturation history of the source rocks, oil migration and accumulation patterns, hydrocarbon cracking or gas generation in reservoir rocks, and the destruction of hydrocarbon reservoir systems (e.g., Zhang et al., 2018Zhang et al., , 2019. Key to understanding hydrocarbon reservoir evolution is quantifying the timing of formation of the hydrocarbon and reservoir itself (Bhullar et al., 1999). There is no single method that consistently yields correct ages for hydrocarbon and reservoir formation. We propose combining two different complementary methods for

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Paleomagnetic and Re‐Os Isotope Data to Date Hydrocarbon Generation and Accumulation Processes

Zhang

Jia

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Maghemite is also commonly found in the presence of additional non-magnetic minerals that form magnetite during HT-χ analysis (Oches and Banerjee, 1996). We provide an example of maghemite HT-χ behaviour, in the presence of magnetite, in Figure 1B; the sample is obtained from the sandstone interval of the Pentland Formation from the Inner Moray Firth, North Sea (Perkins, 2022;Perkins et al, 2023). Maghemite inverts to hematite on heating, leading to a drop in susceptibility as the spontaneous magnetisation of maghemite is ∼ 150× greater than that of hematite Dunlop and Özdemir (1997).…”

Section: Iron Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Figure 1B, at temperatures >500 °C, there is a secondary peak. This secondary peak is likely a combination of two processes: 1) the formation and presence of magnetite, FIGURE 1 HT-χ data for (A) the magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 sample described in Muxworthy, 1998;Muxworthy and McClelland, 2000); (B) maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) from Well 12/27-1 (depth 3,738.9 ft) in the Inner Moray Firth, North Sea (Perkins, 2022;Perkins et al, 2023); and (C) hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 , unpublished). In (B), some magnetite formation observed during the experiment is shown.…”

Section: Iron Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting high-temperature magnetic susceptibility data of natural systems

Muxworthy

Turney

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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High-temperature susceptibility (HT-χ) data are routinely measured in Earth, planetary, and environmental sciences to rapidly identify the magnetic mineralogy of natural systems. The interpretation of such data can be complicated. Whilst some minerals are relatively unaltered by heating and are easy to identify through their Curie or Néel temperature, other common magnetic phases, e.g., iron sulphides, are very unstable to heating. This makes HT-χ interpretation challenging, especially in multi-mineralogical samples. Here, we report a review of the HT-χ data measured primarily at Imperial College London of common magnetic minerals found in natural samples. We show examples of “near pure” natural samples, in addition to examples of interpretation of multi-phase HT-χ data. We hope that this paper will act be the first reference paper for HT-χ data interpretation.

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“…In addition to the spatial distribution and geochemistry, the thermal maturity and gas generation of the source rocks are essential for shale gas accumulation. Basin modeling provides an important means to quantitatively simulate the tectonic evolution, thermal maturity, hydrocarbon generation, and expulsion history of source rocks and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. − The thermal history and maturity of the Shanxi Formation shale have been tentatively simulated using a one-dimensional (1D) basin model, , but this model has left gaps in understanding the three-dimensional (3D) burial, thermal evolution, and hydrocarbon generation history of the source rock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Burial History, Source Rock Maturity, and Hydrocarbon Generation of Marine-Continental Transitional Shale of the Permian Shanxi Formation, Southeastern Ordos Basin

Cheng,

Li,

Yin

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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The Ordos Basin is characterized by abundant natural gas resources, and the marine-continental transitional shale gas of the Permian Shanxi Formation has great exploration and development potential. However, few systematic studies have focused on the burial history, thermal maturity, and hydrocarbon generation of the shale, which limits the understanding of shale gas enrichment and resource evaluation. To reveal the shale gas resource potential, we focused on the Shanxi Formation shale in the southeastern Ordos Basin. Net erosion was estimated, and then one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) geological models were constructed using PetroMod to simulate the burialthermal history and hydrocarbons generated in the Shanxi Formation shale, and finally, the gas generation intensity was evaluated. The results show that four periods of uplift and erosion events have occurred in the study area since the Mesozoic, of which the erosion in the Late Cretaceous was the most severe. The burial center gradually shifted from east to northwest in the study area, and the basin reached the maximum burial depth in the Late Cretaceous and then gradually changed to a monoclinal tilted east to west after uplift and erosion. The Shanxi Formation shale reached the hydrocarbon generation threshold at 233 Ma (R o = 0.5%), reached the oil generation peak at 200 Ma (R o = 1.0%), and entered the high maturity stage rapidly (R o = 1.3%). Currently, the average maturity is approximately 2.48%, which is in the overmature stage. The center of shale maturity was in the southern part of the study area before the Late Jurassic and shifted northeast in the late Early Cretaceous. Cumulative gas generated to date is 44.0 × 10 12 m 3 , and the center of gas generation was in the middle-eastern region of the study area before the Early-Middle Jurassic and shifted northwest in the Early Cretaceous. This study provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the exploration and development of marine-continental transitional shale in the Ordos Basin.

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Basin and petroleum systems modelling to characterise multi-source hydrocarbon generation: A case study on the inner Moray Firth, UK North Sea

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Combining Paleomagnetic and Re‐Os Isotope Data to Date Hydrocarbon Generation and Accumulation Processes

Combining Paleomagnetic and Re‐Os Isotope Data to Date Hydrocarbon Generation and Accumulation Processes

Interpreting high-temperature magnetic susceptibility data of natural systems

Modeling of Burial History, Source Rock Maturity, and Hydrocarbon Generation of Marine-Continental Transitional Shale of the Permian Shanxi Formation, Southeastern Ordos Basin

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